Table 1 Descriptive information about the elementary (N = 366) and middle/high (N = 116) schools that participated in the study
Elementary schools | Middle/high schools | Group comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
% or mean (SD) | % or mean (SD) | χ2 or t-test | ||
[range] | [range] | p-value | ||
Number of schools per district | 9.7 | 3.1 | ||
[1 - 38] | [1 – 11] | |||
School socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
School size | 283 (146) | 838 (424) | t(1) = 21.44 | |
(Nelementary schools (Ne) = 379;Nmiddle/high schools (Nmh) = 117) | [50 - 1062] | [121 - 2100] | p < 0.001** | |
School setting (Ne = 361;Nmh = 116) | Urban | 36.8% | 31.9% | χ2 (1) = 0.98 |
Suburban | 35.2% | 37.1% | p = 0.614 | |
Rural | 28.0% | 31.0% | ||
School characteristics | ||||
Policy institutionalization – District guidelines | 2.1 (0.4) | 2.1 (0.4) | t(1) = 1.01 | |
(Ne = 314; Nmh = 102) | [1.0 – 3.0] | [1.0 – 3.0] | p = 0.312 | |
Policy institutionalization – School guidelines | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.4 (0.2) | t(1) = 0.29 | |
(Ne = 254; Nmh = 89) | [0.0 – 1.0] | [0.0 – 1.0] | p = 0.773 | |
Climate | 2.4 (0.5) | 2.2 (0.6) | t(1) = -3.00 | |
(Ne = 352;Nmh = 113) | [1.0 – 3.0] | [1.0 – 3.0] | p = 0.003** | |
Capacity & resources – Nutritional resources | 1.8 (0.4) | 2.0 (0.5) | t(1) = 4.64 | |
(Ne = 306; Nmh = 104) | [1.0 – 2.8] | [1.0 – 3.0] | p < 0.001** | |
Capacity & resources – Program participation (Ne = 335; Nmh = 93) | BCSFVNP (% yes) | 43.3% | 25.8% | χ2 (1) = 9.31 |
p = 0.002** | ||||
BC Milk Program (% yes) | 38.2% | 25.8% | χ2 (1) = 4.89 | |
p = 0.027* | ||||
School nutrition practices | 7.4 (2.1) | 5.6 (4.1) | t(1) = -6.26 | |
(Ne = 359;Nmh = 117) | [0 – 10] | [0 – 10] | p < 0.001** | |
School internal and external influences | ||||
Internal and external support | 2.8 (0.3) | 2.7 (0.4) | t(1) = -2.59 | |
(Ne = 273; Nmh = 104) | [1.9 – 3.9] | [1.7 – 3.9] | p = 0.010* | |