Table 1 Percentage (95% confidence interval) of population meeting the WHO recommendation for physical activity, and those categorized as having low, moderate and vigorous activity according to the GPAQ classification
N | Population meeting WHO recommendation for physical activity (%) | GPAQ classification | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low physical activity (%) | Moderate physical activity (%) | Vigorous physical activity (%) | |||||||
Male (n = 175) | Female (n = 465) | Male (n = 175) | Female (n = 465) | Male (n = 175) | Female (n = 465) | Male (n = 175) | Female (n = 465) | ||
All | 640 | 82.1 (77.1–87.0) | 78.1 (74.6– 81.5) | 38.3 (31.0– 45.5) | 45.1 (40.6– 49.7) | 56.5 (49.2– 63.9) | 48.6 (44.0– 53.2) | 5.1 (1.8– 8.4) | 6.2 (4.0– 8.4) |
Age (years) | |||||||||
45–59 | 189 | 82.9 (74.7–91.1) | 70.2 (63.1–77.4) | 37.3 (24.8–49.7) | 49.2 (40.6–57.9) | 61.0 (48.4–73.6) | 46.1 (37.5–54.8) | 1.7 (1.6–5.0) | 4.6 (0.9–8.2) |
35–44 | 240 | 82.1 (73.4–90.6) | 84.6 (79.6–89.6) | 38.1 (25.9–50.2) | 44.0 (36.7–51.4) | 53.9 (41.5–66.4) | 48.6 (41.2–55.9) | 7.9 (11.9–14.6) | 7.3 (3.5–11.2) |
25–34 | 211 | 81.1 (71.8– 90.5) | 77.7 (71.7–83.6) | 39.6 (26.3–52.9) | 43.0 (35.3–50.8) | 54.7 (41.2–68.3) | 50.6 (42.8–58.5) | 5.6 (0.6–11.9) | 6.3 (2.5–10.1) |
Ethnicity | |||||||||
Brahmin | 232 | 85.9 (78.4–93.3) | 67.5 (61.1–73.8) | 29.2 (18.0–40.3) | 49.1 (41.4–56.7) | 63.1 (51.2–74.9) | 43.7 (36.1–51.3) | 7.6 (1.1–14.2) | 7.2 (3.2–11.1) |
Chhetri | 170 | 74.5 (62.9–86.2) | 82.7 (76.4–89.0) | 46.6 (31.9–61.4) | 49.6 (40.7–58.4) | 53.3 (38.5–68.1) | 44.8 (36.0–53.5) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 5.6 (1.5–9.6) |
Newar | 167 | 86.5 (78.3–94.8) | 88.2 (82.5–93.8) | 33.3 (20.2–46.4) | 36.2 (27.4–45.0) | 62.7 (49.3–76.2) | 59.5 (50.5–68.5) | 3.9 (1.4–9.3) | 4.3 (0.6–8.02) |
Ethnic minorities* | 71 | 72.7 (53.6–91.8) | 82.2 (73.3–91.0) | 71.4 (46.8–90.0) | 42.1 (29.1–55.0) | 14.3 (4.8–33.3) | 49.1 (36.0–62.2) | 14.3 (4.8–33.3) | 8.8 (1.3–1.61) |
Education† | |||||||||
High school or more | 94 | 68.5 (55.9–81.0) | 67.1 (56.0–78.2) | 51.3 (34.9–67.7) | 70.2 (58.2–82.8) | 48.6 (32.2–65.0) | 26.3 (14.7–37.8) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 3.5 (1.3–8.3) |
Secondary | 165 | 86.4 (78.6–94.3) | 77.4 (70.0–84.8) | 41.6 (29.0–54.3) | 46.7 (37.1–56.3) | 53.3 (40.6–66.1) | 47.6 (38.0–57.2) | 5.0 (0.5–10.5) | 5.7 (1.2–10.1) |
Primary | 208 | 87.8 (80.3–95.3) | 80.8 (74.9–86.7) | 23.3 (12.5–34.1) | 39.8 (31.9–47.7) | 68.3 (56.4–80.2) | 52.0 (43.9–60.1) | 8.3 (1.3–15.4) | 8.1 (3.6–12.5) |
Informal | 173 | 81.5 (66.5–96.4) | 80.2 (74.4–86.0) | 50.0 (26.2–73.8) | 40.0 (32.2–47.7) | 44.4 (20.8–68.1) | 54.2 (46.3–62.1) | 5.5 (5.3–16.4) | 58.0 (2.1–9.5) |
Occupation‡ | |||||||||
Government job | 41 | 70.9 (54.6–87.2) | 75.0 (53.0–96.9) | 51.8 (32.6–71.1) | 50.0 (22.7–77.2) | 48.1 (28.9–67.3) | 42.8 (15.9–69.8) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 7.1 (6.8–21.1) |
Nongovernment job | 61 | 92.3 (83.8–100.0) | 76.7 (61.2–92.1) | 26.5 (11.4–41.5) | 59.2 (40.3–78.2) | 67.6 (51.6–83.6) | 40.7 (21.8–59.6) | 58.8 (2.1–13.9) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) |
Self–employed | 80 | 70.8 (60.2–81.4) | 63.9 (47.9–79.8) | 43.4 (29.9–56.9) | 48.1 (28.9–67.3) | 52.8 (39.2–66.4) | 48.1 (28.9–67.3) | 3.7 (1.4–8.9) | 3.7 (3.5–10.9) |
Housewife§ | 341 | - | 79.4 (75.2–83.5) | - | 46.0 (40.5–51.4) | - | 48.1 (42.7–53.6) | - | 5.8 (3.2–8.3) |
Agriculture | 117 | 95.8 (90.1–100.0) | 83.3 (74.9–91.6) | 30.4 (16.9–43.9) | 33.8 (22.7–44.9) | 65.2 (51.2–79.1) | 54.9 (43.2–66.6) | 4.3 (1.6–10.3) | 11.2 (3.8–18.6) |
Smoking | |||||||||
Current smoker | 132 | 80.4 (68.8–92.0) | 78.2 (70.4–85.9) | 33.3 (21.2–45.4) | 47.2 (35.5–58.8) | 61.6 (49.2–74.0) | 47.2 (35.5–58.8) | 5.0 (0.5–10.5) | 5.5 (0.2–10.9) |
Past smoker | 34 | 73.3 (50.1–96.5) | 74.3 (59.6–88.9) | 35.7 (9.6–61.8) | 15.0 (1.0–31.0) | 64.2 (38.2–90.4) | 80.0 (61.9–98.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 5.0 (0.5–14.8) |
Nonsmoker | 474 | 83.3 (77.6–88.9) | 78.4 (74.4–82.4) | 41.6 (31.9–51.2) | 46.3 (41.3–51.4) | 52.4 (42.6–62.3) | 47.2 (42.1–52.2) | 5.9 (1.3–10.6) | 6.4 (3.9–8.9) |
Current drinker | |||||||||
Yes | 118 | 84.8 (76.8–92.8) | 89.8 (82.7–97.0) | 26.7 (15.4–37.9) | 34.4 (22.1–46.8) | 0.70 (58.2–81.7) | 60.3 (47.6–73.0) | 3.3 (1.2–7.9) | 5.2 (0.6–10.9) |
No | 522 | 80.6 (74.3–87.0) | 76.4 (72.6–80.2) | 44.3 (35.2–53.5) | 46.7 (41.8–51.5) | 49.6 (40.3–58.7) | 46.9 (42.0–51.7) | 6.0 (1.6–10.5) | 6.4 (4.0–8.7) |
Diagnosed hypertension | |||||||||
Yes | 94 | 79.3 (64.3–94.3) | 75.3 (65.8–84.7) | 52.4 (30.4–74.3) | 52.0 (40.5–63.6) | 42.8 (21.1–64.5) | 42.5 (31.0–53.9) | 4.7 (0.4–14.1) | 5.4 (0.2–10.7) |
No | 546 | 82.5 (77.2–87.7) | 78.6 (74.8–82.3) | 36.4 (28.7–44.0) | 43.8 (38.9–48.8) | 58.4 (50.6–66.3) | 49.7 (44.8–54.7) | 5.2 (1.6–8.7) | 6.3 (3.9–8.8) |
Diagnosed diabetes | |||||||||
Yes | 26 | 81.8 (57.6–106.0) | 73.7 (53.1–94.3) | 60.0 (27.9–92.0) | 50.0 (24.6–75.3) | 40.0 (7.9–72.0) | 50.0 (24.6–75.3) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) |
No | 614 | 70.9 (54.5–87.4) | 77.5 (64.2–90.7) | 36.9 (29.5–44.3) | 44.9 (40.4–49.6) | 57.6 (49.9–65.1) | 48.5 (43.9–53.2) | 5.4 (1.9–8.9) | 6.4 (4.1–8.7) |
Body mass index | |||||||||
>25 | 248 | 69.8 (59.2–80.4) | 78.7 (73.5–83.9) | 53.8 (40.1–67.5) | 50.5 (43.5–57.5) | 44.2 (30.6–57.9) | 44.4 (37.4–51.4) | 1.9 (0.2–5.7) | 5.1 (2.0–8.2) |
<25 | 392 | 87.8 (82.6–92.9) | 77.6 (72.9–82.2) | 30.2 (21.9–38.5) | 41.3 (35.4–47.3) | 63.0 (54.3–71.7) | 51.3 (45.2–57.4) | 6.7 (21,2–11.2) | 7.3 (4.1–10.4) |
Waist circumference | |||||||||
Increased | 298 | 79.6 (68.2–91.0) | 75.4 (70.6–80.2) | 42.5 (26.9–58.0) | 53.1 (46.9–59.2) | 55.0 (39.3–70.6) | 42.2 (36.2–48.3) | 2.5 (.2–7.4) | 4.6 (2.1–7.2) |
Normal | 342 | 83.1 (77.6–88.7) | 82.2 (77.4–87.2) | 37.3 (29.0–45.5) | 35.2 (28.7–41.8) | 56.7 (48.3–65.2) | 56.5 (49.7–63.3) | 5.9 (1.9–10.0) | 8.2 (4.4–11.9) |
Waist–hip ratio | |||||||||
Increased | 348 | 77.4 (68.8–85.9) | 77.9 (73.1–82.6) | 33.7 (24.1–43.2) | 46.2 (0.40–0.52) | 61.0 (51.2–70.9) | 47.4 (41.2–53.6) | 5.2 (0.7–9.7) | 6.3 (3.3–9.3) |
Normal | 292 | 85.2 (78.9–91.3) | 78.7 (73.4–83.9) | 46.5 (35.0–58.1) | 44.4 (37.5–51.4) | 49.3 (37.7–60.8) | 48.9 (41.9–55.9) | 6.3 (3.3–9.3) | 6.5 (3.1–10.0) |