Table 1 Basic characteristics of included studies
First author (year) | Intervention | Sample (n) | Study design | Age | Type of work | Follow-up point a | Dropouts b | Measurement tool |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alkhajah (2012) [36], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation | 18 | Quasi-RCT | 33.5 ± 8.7 | Student, general staff and academic staff of public health research centers within academic institutions | 1-week, 3-month | 3.13% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 13 | 39.9 ± 7.2 | ||||||
Bergman (2018) [20], Sweden | Treadmill Workstation + Promotion | 39 | RCT | 52.4 ± 6.8 | Staff of private companies, the government, municipalities, and counties | 2-month, 6-month, 10-month, 13-month | 1.25% | ActivPAL3 or activPAL3 micro activity monitor |
Sit-Stand Workstation | 40 | 50.3 ± 6.7 | ||||||
Carr (2016) [37], USA | Seated Elliptical + Promotion | 27 | RCT | 45.2 ± 10.9 | Staff of a private company | 16-week | 10.00% | GENEActiv Original accelerometer |
Promotion | 27 | 45.0 ± 10.7 | ||||||
Chau (2014) [38], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation | 18 | Crossover-RCT | 38 ± 11 | Staff of a non-government health agency | 4-week | 0.00% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 18 | |||||||
Chau (2016) [39], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation + Promotion | 7 | Quasi-RCT | 31.0 ± 10.0 | Customer care (call center) staff | 1-week, 4-week, 19-week | 21.05% | ActivPAL inclinometer and ActiGraph accelerometer |
Typical Desk | 8 | 35.1 ± 11.5 | ||||||
Donath (2015) [40], Switzerland | Sit-Stand Workstation + Promotion | 15 | RCT | 45 ± 12 | Staff of a health insurance company | 12-week | 18.42% | ActiGraph wGT3X-BT |
Sit-Stand Workstation | 16 | 40 ± 10 | ||||||
Dutta (2014) [41], USA | Sit-Stand Workstation + Promotion | 14 | Crossover-RCT | 40.4 | Staff of a private company | 4-week | 0.00% | Modular Signal Recorder 145 accelerometer |
Typical Desk | 14 | |||||||
Edwardson (2018) [42], England | Multicomponent Intervention | 77 | Cluster RCT (37 clusters) | 41.7 ± 11.0 | Staff of three university hospitals | 3-month, 6-month, 12-month | 23.29% | ActivPAL3 micro activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 69 | 40.8 ± 11.3 | ||||||
Mantzari (2019) 50, England | Sit-Stand Workstation | 9 | RCT | 43.4 ± 11.2 | Staff working full-time in professional job roles or positions involving clerical and administrative support | 3-month | 10.00% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 9 | |||||||
Engelen (2019) [43], Australia | Multicomponent Intervention | 30 | Quasi-RCT | 44.48 | Staff of a public transport organization | 6-week, 13-week | 10.87% | ActiGraph activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 16 | |||||||
Gao (2016) [44], Finland | Sit-Stand Workstation | 24 | Quasi-RCT | 47.8 ± 10.8 | Staff of a university | 6-month | 0.00% | Questionnaire |
Typical Desk | 21 | 39.0 ± 8.5 | ||||||
Graves (2015) [57], England | Sit-Stand Workstation | 23 | RCT | 38.8 ± 9.8 | Staff of a university | 4-week, 8-week | 0.00% | Ecological momentary assessment diaries |
Typical Desk | 21 | 38.4 ± 9.3 | ||||||
Healy (2013) [45], Australia | Multicomponent Intervention | 22 | RCT | 42.4 ± 10.6 | Staff of a government agency | 4-week | 16.28% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 21 | 42.9 ± 10.3 | ||||||
Healy (2016) [46], Australia | Multicomponent Intervention | 136 | Cluster RCT (24 clusters) | 44.6 ± 9.1 | Staff of government agencies | 3-month, 12-month | 21.74% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 95 | 47.0 ± 9.7 | ||||||
Johnston (2019) [47], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation + Exercise | 13 | RCT | 39 ± 11 | Staff of universities | 2-week, 4-week | 10.34% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Sit-Stand Workstation | 13 | 40 ± 11 | ||||||
Ma (2021) [48], Japan | Sit-Stand Workstation + Promotion | 37 | RCT | 46.22 | Staff of the technical department and general affairs department in a private company | 4-month | 0.00% | Active Style Pro HJA-750C accelerometer |
Typical Desk | 38 | 44.6 | ||||||
MacEwen (2017) [49], Canada | Sit-Stand Workstation | 15 | RCT | 43.2 ± 9.7 | Not report | 12-week | 0.00% | ActivPAL inclinometer and ActiGraph accelerometer |
Typical Desk | 10 | 48.9 ± 11.4 | ||||||
Multicomponent Intervention | 16 | RCT | 37.3 ± 10.7 | Staff of a university | 3-month | 9.09% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor | |
Sit-Stand Workstation | 14 | 43.0 ± 10.2 | ||||||
Typical Desk | 14 | 48.0 ± 11.6 | ||||||
Parry (2013) [52], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation + Promotion | 19 | RCT | 43.5 ± 6.4 | Staff of three government agencies | 12-week | 27.91% | ActiGraph activity monitor |
Promotion | 43 | |||||||
Schuna (2014) [53], USA | Treadmill Workstation + Promotion | 15 | RCT | 40.0 ± 9.5 | Staff of a private health insurance company | 3-month | 0.00% | ActiGraph activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 16 | 40.3 ± 10.9 | ||||||
Stephens (2019) [54], Australia | Multicomponent Intervention | 114 | Cluster RCT (14 clusters) | 44.9 ± 8.9 | Staff of government agencies | 3-month | 0.00% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 82 | 45.9 ± 9.8 | ||||||
Tobin (2016) [56], Australia | Sit-Stand Workstation | 18 | RCT | 34.8 ± 10.5 | Staff of a non-government organization and a university | 5-week | 0.00% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 19 | 34.3 ± 8.9 | ||||||
Weatherson (2020) [55], Canada | Sit-Stand Workstation | 17 | RCT | 40.96 ± 10.82 | Staff of a university | 3-month, 6-month | 0.00% | ActivPAL3 activity monitor |
Typical Desk | 20 | 37.24 ± 12.51 |