Mode of transport, genetic susceptibility, and incidence of coronary heart disease

Table 2 Associations of mode of transport and genetic susceptibility with incident coronary heart disease (CHD)

Comparison	Number of participants	Number of cases	Crude incident rate per 100,000-person years	Hazard ratio of CHD (95% confidence interval)
Comparison	Number of participants	Number of cases	Crude incident rate per 100,000-person years	Model 1	Model 2
Overall transport (N=177,370)
Alternatives to the car (Reference)	48,381	1,218	183.5	1.00 (Reference)^a	1.00 (Reference)
Mixed transport mode	62,917	1,915	221.4	1.19 (1.11, 1.28)	1.11 (1.03, 1.19)
Exclusive use of cars	66,072	2,322	255.9	1.35 (1.26, 1.45)	1.16 (1.08, 1.25)
Non-commuting transport (N=339,588)
Alternatives to the car (Reference)	207,377	8,170	289.1	1.00 (Reference)^a	1.00 (Reference)
Exclusive use of cars	132,211	5,560	307.9	1.15 (1.12, 1.19)	1.08 (1.04, 1.12)
Commuting transport (N=177,370)
Alternatives to the car (Reference)	61,455	1,537	182.2	1.00 (Reference)^a	1.00 (Reference)
Exclusive use of cars	115,915	3,918	246.1	1.31 (1.23, 1.39)	1.16 (1.09, 1.23)
Tertiles of genetic risk (N=339,588)
Low (Reference)	113,105	3,118	201.0	1.00 (Reference)^b	-
Medium	113,22	4,478	289.8	1.45 (1.38, 1.52)	-
High	113,261	6,134	399.5	2.04 (1.95, 2.12)	-

Notes:
Model 1^a: adjusted for age (underlying timescale)
Model 1^b: adjusted for age (underlying timescale), sex, genotyping array type and the first ten principal components of genetic ancestry
Model 2: adjusted for age (underlying timescale), sex, body mass index, smoking (never, previous, current), alcohol intake (never, previous, currently <3 times/week, currently ≥3 times/week), salt intake (never/rarely, sometimes, usually, always), oily fish intake (never, <once per week, once per week, >once per week), coffee intake (cups per day), fruit and vegetable intake (a composite score based on fresh/dried fruit intake and raw/cooked vegetable intake), processed/red meat intake (days per week), Townsend Deprivation Index (an indicator of area-based socioeconomic status), sleep (≤5, 6, 7, 8 and ≥9hours per day), total leisure-time physical activity (minutes per day; based on walking, non-walking moderate physical activity and non-walking vigorous physical activity), blood-pressure-lowering medication use, cholesterol-lowering medication use, polygenic risk scores, genotyping array type and the first ten principal components of genetic ancestry

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