Cooking skills, living alone, and mortality: JAGES cohort study

Table 4 Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% CI for the association of mortality with cooking skills according to cohabitation status in older Japanese adults from the JAGES cohort study before and after propensity-score matching

Cohabitation status	Cooking skill	Before matching					After matching^a
		N	Number of death (%)	Incidence rate per 100,000 person-years (95% CI)	Model 1	Model 2	N
		N	Number of death (%)	Incidence rate per 100,000 person-years (95% CI)	HR (95%CI)	HR (95%CI)	N	HR (95%CI)
Living alone	High	1311	59 (4.5)	3.42 (2.65–4.41)	ref	ref	171	ref
	Low	187	28 (15.0)	11.8 (8.15–17.1)	3.50 (2.23–5.49)	2.19 (1.32–3.65)	171	2.50 (1.10–5.68)
Living with others	High	6,682	247 (3.7)	2.82 (2.49–3.20)	ref	ref	2,161	ref
	Low	2,467	186 (7.5)	5.88 (5.09–6.79)	2.09 (1.73–2.53)	1.12 (0.91–1.38)	2,161	1.05 (0.82–1.33)

HR = hazard ratio; CI = confidence interval; ref = reference group
The boldface indicates statistical significance (p < 0.05)
Model 1: Crude
Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, education, annual income, employment status, marital status, higher-level functional capacity, depressive symptoms, and food store availability
^aIndividuals with high cooking skills were matched with individuals with low cooking skills on a 1:1 propensity score using a caliper size of 0.01. The propensity score was calculated by a multivariate logistic regression model that included age, sex, education, annual income, employment status, marital status, higher-level functional capacity, depressive symptoms, and food store availability

ISSN: 1479-5868