Table 2 HPF consumption and food choice values and food literacy variables in males (N = 1069)
Variable | Unadjusteda | Adjustedb | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Regression coefficientc | 95% confidence interval | p-value | Regression coefficientc | 95% confidence interval | p-value | |||
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | |||||
Age (years) | -6.6 | -15.0 | 1.8 | 0.13 | -2.2 | -12.1 | 7.6 | 0.66 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | -2.5 | -11.0 | 5.9 | 0.56 | 0.9 | -8.2 | 10.0 | 0.85 |
Energy intake (kJ/day) | 0.2 | -8.2 | 8.7 | 0.96 | 3.6 | -5.3 | 12.4 | 0.43 |
Food choice values (1–5)d | ||||||||
 Accessibility | -1.6 | -10.1 | 6.8 | 0.70 | -4.9 | -16.5 | 6.7 | 0.41 |
 Convenience | 1.7 | -6.8 | 10.1 | 0.70 | 6.4 | -5.0 | 17.8 | 0.27 |
 Health/weight control | -7.6 | -16.0 | 0.8 | 0.08 | -6.2 | -17.7 | 5.3 | 0.29 |
 Tradition | -5.6 | -14.1 | 2.8 | 0.19 | -8.0 | -18.7 | 2.7 | 0.14 |
 Sensory appeal | 1.9 | -6.5 | 10.4 | 0.66 | 6.2 | -4.5 | 16.9 | 0.26 |
 Organic | -7.9 | -16.3 | 0.5 | 0.07 | -5.9 | -22.4 | 10.6 | 0.49 |
 Comfort | 2.5 | -6.0 | 10.9 | 0.57 | 10.9 | -0.4 | 22.2 | 0.06 |
 Safety | -7.8 | -16.2 | 0.7 | 0.07 | -4.5 | -19.7 | 10.6 | 0.56 |
 Nutrition knowledge (1–143)d | 0.2 | -8.2 | 8.7 | 0.96 | -1.8 | -11.0 | 7.3 | 0.69 |
 Cooking skills (0–98)d | 15.0 | 6.6 | 23.4 | 0.0005 | 22.1 | 6.6 | 37.5 | 0.005 |
 Food skills (0–133)d | 8.6 | 0.2 | 17.1 | 0.04 | -5.9 | -21.9 | 10.2 | 0.47 |
Eating behaviours (1–5)d | ||||||||
 Hunger | -9.0 | -17.4 | -0.6 | 0.04 | -6.8 | -17.1 | 3.5 | 0.19 |
 Food responsiveness | -8.2 | -16.6 | 0.2 | 0.06 | -5.0 | -16.2 | 6.2 | 0.38 |
 Emotional overeating | -7.8 | -16.2 | 0.7 | 0.07 | -4.2 | -14.2 | 5.7 | 0.41 |
 Enjoyment of food | -5.8 | -14.2 | 2.7 | 0.18 | -2.2 | -12.2 | 7.9 | 0.67 |
 Satiety responsiveness | 12.7 | 4.3 | 21.2 | 0.003 | 15.4 | 6.0 | 24.7 | 0.001 |
 Emotional undereating | -4.6 | -13.1 | 3.8 | 0.28 | -4.1 | -13.3 | 5.1 | 0.38 |
 Food fussiness | 1.0 | -7.5 | 9.5 | 0.82 | -1.2 | -10.9 | 8.4 | 0.80 |
 Slowness in eating | -1.4 | -9.8 | 7.1 | 0.75 | -2.2 | -11.5 | 7.1 | 0.64 |
 HPF, highly processed food |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |