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Table 5 Changes in explanatory factors and physical activity trajectories (Reference: High-stable) (N = 10,371)

From: Trajectories of physical activity from mid to older age in women: 21 years of data from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

 

Low-stable

Moderate-stable

Moderate-increasing

High-declining

 

Adjusted OR

Adjusted OR

Adjusted OR

Adjusted OR

 

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

(95% CI)

Changes from age 47–52 to 56–61

Area of residence

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Country–city

1.01 (0.68, 1.49)

1.06 (0.76, 1.48)

1.07 (0.75, 1.52)

0.79 (0.51, 1.22)

 City–country

0.98 (0.64, 1.51)

1.04 (0.72, 1.50)

0.98 (0.67, 1.45)

0.85 (0.52, 1.37)

Marital status

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Not–married

2.29 (1.13, 4.65)

1.87 (1.02, 3.44)

2.02 (1.07, 3.80)

1.71 (0.78, 3.71)

 Married–not

0.85 (0.56, 1.28)

0.9 (0.64, 1.28)

0.97 (0.67, 1.41)

1.00 (0.65, 1.56)

Ability to manage on income

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Difficult–easy

0.89 (0.65, 1.20)

1.08 (0.83, 1.39)

1.08 (0.82, 1.42)

0.86 (0.62, 1.20)

 Easy–difficult

1.36 (0.96, 1.93)

1.15 (0.85, 1.55)

0.98 (0.71, 1.34)

1.46 (1.01, 2.12)

Employment status

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Worked–no work

0.87 (0.67, 1.13)

0.81 (0.65, 1.00)

0.89 (0.71, 1.12)

0.76 (0.57, 1.02)

 No work–worked

0.61 (0.44, 0.85)

0.82 (0.62, 1.09)

0.91 (0.67, 1.22)

0.90 (0.64, 1.28)

Living with children age < 18

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Lived with–not

0.56 (0.27, 1.16)

0.72 (0.38, 1.38)

0.87 (0.44, 1.73)

0.87 (0.38, 1.97)

 Not–lived with

1.29 (0.55, 3.01)

0.91 (0.42, 1.96)

0.58 (0.24, 1.38)

1.42 (0.58, 3.49)

Provision of care for grandchildren

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Decreased

1.20 (0.83, 1.74)

1.16 (0.85, 1.59)

1.10 (0.79, 1.54)

1.00 (0.67, 1.49)

 Increased

0.85 (0.67, 1.09)

1.03 (0.84, 1.25)

1.06 (0.86, 1.31)

1.10 (0.85, 1.42)

Provision of care for someone requiring care

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Decreased

1.28 (0.85, 1.91)

1.11 (0.79, 1.56)

1.05 (0.73, 1.50)

1.20 (0.77, 1.87)

 Increased

0.86 (0.65, 1.14)

0.88 (0.69, 1.11)

0.96 (0.75, 1.23)

0.94 (0.68, 1.28)

BMI

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Normal/overweight–obese

2.17 (1.37, 3.45)

1.82 (1.20, 2.77)

1.37 (0.89, 2.13)

1.65 (0.99, 2.73)

 Obese–normal/overweight

0.35 (0.15, 0.78)

0.49 (0.24, 1.02)

0.73 (0.34, 1.58)

0.42 (0.17, 1.08)

Physical healtha

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Lower–higher

0.38 (0.28, 0.50)

0.64 (0.50, 0.82)

0.79 (0.62, 1.02)

0.82 (0.60, 1.11)

 Higher–lower

1.97 (1.50, 2.59)

1.54 (1.24, 1.92)

1.16 (0.92, 1.47)

1.35 (1.00, 1.81)

Mental healtha

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Lower–higher

0.63 (0.48, 0.82)

0.68 (0.54, 0.85)

0.67 (0.52, 0.85)

0.77 (0.57, 1.04)

 Higher–lower

1.55 (1.17, 2.04)

1.34 (1.07, 1.67)

1.12 (0.89, 1.42)

1.28 (0.96, 1.71)

Smoking status

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Not–smoking

1.74 (0.53, 5.75)

1.32 (0.46, 3.82)

1.57 (0.52, 4.69)

1.32 (0.34, 5.12)

 Smoking–not

0.67 (0.41, 1.08)

1.06 (0.69, 1.63)

1.25 (0.79, 1.96)

0.78 (0.46, 1.33)

Alcohol status

 No change

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Increased

0.90 (0.65, 1.25)

0.96 (0.72, 1.28)

0.98 (0.72, 1.32)

0.91 (0.63, 1.32)

 Decreased

1.15 (0.81, 1.63)

1.02 (0.75, 1.39)

0.95 (0.68, 1.32)

1.20 (0.83, 1.75)

  1. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, h hours, BMI Body mass index, HRT Hormone replacement therapy, OCP Oral contraceptive
  2. aPhysical and mental health were categorised as higher and lower based on the median, and combinations at age 47–52 and 56–61 (higher–higher, higher–lower, lower–higher, and lower–lower) were created. No change category includes higher–higher and lower–lower
  3. Multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for age. Reference = High group. ORs = probability of being in each trajectory compared with being in that category in the High group. OR < 1 indicates less likely, and OR > 1 suggests more likely to be in each trajectory group, compared with the High-stable group