Table 3 Estimated marginal means for boys’ device-measured movement behaviours by dog ownership group
Boys | Wave 1 | Wave 2 | Within-group change | Between-group difference in change |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | |||
Sedentary time (mins/day) | p = 0.117 | |||
Non-dog owner | 366.7 (352.8, 380.5) | 373.8 (358.9, 388.8) | 7.1 (-14.3, 28.6) | Ref |
Dog owner | 369.8 (352.9, 386.7) | 346.1 (329.1, 363.1) | -23.7 (-47.7, 0.2) | -30.9 (-58.4, -3.4) |
Dog acquired | 365.5 (335.4, 395.7) | 346.4 (315.6, 377.3) | -19.1 (-61.4, 23.1) | -26.3 (-70.2, 17.7) |
Dog loss | 365.5 (322.1, 408.9) | 335.5 (294.4, 376.6) | -30.0 (-87.1, 27.1) | -37.2 (-95.7, 21.4) |
Light intensity activities and games (mins/day) | p = 0.184 | |||
Non-dog owner | 363.9 (350.9, 376.9) | 336.5 (322.4, 350.5) | -27.4 (-47.5, -7.4) | Ref |
Dog owner | 358.1 (342.3, 374.0) | 354.6 (338.6, 370.5) | -3.5 (-25.9, 18.9) | 23.9 (-1.8, 49.6) |
Dog acquired | 359.5 (331.2, 387.8) | 363.5 (334.5, 392.4) | 4.0 (-35.6, 43.5) | 31.4 (-9.7, 72.4) |
Dog loss | 352.9 (312.1, 393.6) | 353.6 (315.1, 392.2) | 0.8 (-52.6, 54.1) | 28.2 (-26.6, 82.9) |
Walking (mins/day) | p = 0.165 | |||
Non-dog owner | 18.9 (16.9, 20.9) | 25.0 (22.8, 27.2) | 6.1 (3.1, 9.2) | Ref |
Dog owner | 20.0 (17.6, 22.5) | 28.3 (25.8, 30.8) | 8.3 (4.8, 11.7) | 2.1 (-1.8, 6.0) |
Dog acquired | 20.6 (16.2, 24.9) | 26.6 (22.1, 31.1) | 6.1 (0.0, 12.1) | -0.1 (-6.3, 6.2) |
Dog loss | 22.2 (15.8, 28.5) | 37.3 (31.3, 43.3) | 15.1 (7.0, 23.2) | 9.0 (0.6, 17.3) |
Running (mins/day) | p = 0.206 | |||
Non-dog owner | 4.5 (3.8, 5.1) | 8.8 (8.1, 9.5) | 4.3 (3.4, 5.3) | Ref |
Dog owner | 5.1 (4.3, 6.0) | 8.8 (8.0, 9.6) | 3.7 (2.6, 4.7) | -0.7 (-1.9, 0.6) |
Dog acquired | 4.7 (3.2, 6.1) | 7.6 (6.1, 9.0) | 2.9 (1.0, 4.8) | -1.4 (-3.4, 0.5) |
Dog loss | 5.1 (3.0, 7.2) | 10.8 (8.9, 12.8) | 5.7 (3.2, 8.3) | 1.4 (-1.2, 4.0) |
Moderate-vigorous activities and games (mins/day) | p = 0.136 | |||
Non-dog owner | 15.8 (13.0, 18.6) | 25.7 (22.7, 28.7) | 9.9 (5.4, 14.4) | Ref |
Dog owner | 16.4 (13.0, 19.8) | 32.0 (28.6, 35.5) | 15.7 (10.6, 20.7) | 5.7 (-0.1, 11.6) |
Dog acquired | 19.1 (13.0, 25.2) | 25.4 (19.2, 31.7) | 6.3 (-2.5, 15.2) | -3.6 (-12.8, 5.7) |
Dog loss | 23.8 (15.0, 32.5) | 32.5 (24.2, 40.8) | 8.7 (-3.4, 20.8) | -1.2 (-13.7, 11.2) |
Energetic play (mins/day) | p = 0.049 | |||
Non-dog owner | 39.1 (35.8, 42.3) | 59.4 (55.9, 62.9) | 20.3 (15.3, 25.4) | Ref |
Dog owner | 41.8 (37.8, 45.7) | 69.1 (65.1, 73.1) | 27.3 (21.7, 32.9) | 7.0 (0.5, 13.4) |
Dog acquired | 44.5 (37.4, 51.5) | 59.8 (52.6, 67.0) | 15.3 (5.4, 25.2) | -5.0 (-15.3, 5.3) |
Dog loss | 51.3 (41.1, 61.5) | 80.6 (71.0, 90.3) | 29.3 (16.0, 42.7) | 9.0 (-4.7, 22.7) |
Total physical activity (mins/day) | p = 0.117 | |||
Non-dog owner | 403.0 (389.2, 416.9) | 395.9 (380.9, 410.9) | -7.1 (-28.6, 14.3) | Ref |
Dog owner | 399.9 (383.0, 416.8) | 423.7 (406.7, 440.7) | 23.7 (-0.2, 47.7) | 30.9 (3.4, 58.4) |
Dog acquired | 404.2 (374.1, 434.3) | 423.3 (392.5, 454.2) | 19.1 (-23.1, 61.4) | 26.3 (-17.7, 70.2) |
Dog loss | 404.2 (360.8, 447.6) | 434.2 (393.1, 475.4) | 30.0 (-27.1, 87.1) | 37.2 (-21.4, 95.7) |