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Table 3 Estimated direct, indirect, and total effects from the mediation analysis of psychosocial well-being (exposure) via emotion-driven impulsiveness (mediator) on fat and sweet propensity (N = 2,065 at W3, mean age = 13.4)

From: The role of psychosocial well-being and emotion-driven impulsiveness in food choices of European adolescents

  

Outcome [MD (95%-CI)]

Category level of exposure

psychosocial well-being; (Ref. level: low)

 

Sweet propensity

Fat propensity

moderate

Direct effect

-0.01 (-1.17, 1.14)

-0.60 (-1.62, 0.41)

 

Indirect effect

-0.21 (-0.43, -0.01)

-0.21 (-0.44, -0.03)

 

Total effect

-0.21 (-1.38, 0.94)

-0.81 (-1.84, 0.18)

 

Prop. mediated

0.99 (-5.57, 5.17)*

0.26 (-1.32, 2.32)*

high

Direct effect

-0.85 (-2.09, 0.42)

-0.56 (-1.65, 0.52)

 

Indirect effect

-0.61 (-1.09, -0.24)

-0.55 (-0.86, -0.13)

 

Total effect

-1.45 (-2.66, -0.33)

-1.11 (-2.10, -0.01)

 

Prop. mediated

0.42 (0.12, 1.86)*

0.50 (-0.04, 2.86)*

  1. W2: Variables measured in 2009–2010; W3: Variables measured in 2013–2014
  2. Ref. level: Reference level; MD: Mean Difference; 95%-CI: 95% confidence interval; Prop. mediated: Proportion mediated
  3. †The proportion mediated provides an estimate of the extent to which the total effect is accounted for by the pathway through the mediating variable and is the ratio of the indirect effect on the total effect
  4. *CI for proportion mediated contains values outside (0,1) when direct and indirect effects have potentially opposite signs
  5. Mediator model for emotion-driven impulsiveness (W3; tertiles) adjusted for sweet or fat propensity score (depending on outcome), psychosocial well-being, age, sex, highest educational level of parents, country, physical activity, and sleep quality at W2; sex, country, and BMI at W3. Additional interaction terms between the exposure and covariates for the exposure-mediator and mediator-outcome relationships were included
  6. Outcome models for sweet and fat propensity (W3; scores) adjusted for sweet or fat propensity score (depending on outcome), psychosocial well-being, age, sex, highest educational level of parents, country, sleep quality, and media use at W2; sex, country, and BMI at W3. Additional interaction terms between the exposure, mediator, and covariates for the exposure-outcome and mediator-outcome relationships were included