Table 6 Characteristics of articles associated with the food provision domain (n = 42)

Jurisdiction level

National

3

7

[64, 68, 220]

Provincial/territorial

30

71

[65, 66, 83, 84, 221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246]

Regional

4

10

[44, 67, 247, 248]

Municipal

5

12

[63, 69, 249,250,251]

Setting

School settings

28

67

[63,64,65,66, 68, 69, 83, 84, 220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230, 233,234,235,236, 245, 247,248,249,250]

Recreation and sport settings

10

24

[231, 232, 237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244]

Childcare settings

3

7

[44, 246, 251]

Healthcare settings

1

2

[67]

Methods

Data collection methods

Observational audit

25

60

[65, 66, 68, 69, 221, 225, 226, 228,229,230,231,232,233, 237, 239,240,241,242,243,244,245, 247,248,249, 251]

Questionnaire (self-reported)

16

38

[44, 64, 83, 84, 220, 222,223,224, 226, 227, 231, 234, 235, 237, 243, 248]

Interviews with key stakeholders

11

26

[44, 63, 68, 225, 227,228,229,230, 238, 239, 242]

Document review

5

12

[236, 237, 239, 242, 251]

Weighing of school meals

2

5

[246, 250]

Digital photography of school meals

2

5

[246, 249]

Ethnographic methods

1

2

[67]

Outcomes

Food availability

26

62

[44, 64,65,66,67,68,69, 83, 220, 222,223,224,225,226, 228,229,230, 235, 236, 240, 241, 243, 246, 247, 249, 251]

Healthy eating initiatives or practices^a

18

43

[44, 63, 64, 68, 84, 220, 222, 223, 227, 228, 230, 231, 237, 238, 241, 243, 248, 251]

Adherence to provincial nutrition policy/guidelines

16

38

[221, 224, 225, 227, 234, 235, 237,238,239, 241,242,243,244,245, 247, 248]

Food quality (‘healthiness’)

15

36

[227, 228, 231,232,233, 235,236,237, 239,240,241,242,243, 247, 249]

Nutrient content of foods/meals

8

19

[69, 239, 240, 242, 244, 246, 249, 250]

Access to food facilities (e.g., water fountains, cafeteria, tuck shop or vending machines)

6

14

[64,65,66, 68, 247, 251]

Overall setting ‘healthiness’^b

4

10

[239, 241,242,243]