Table 4 Comparison of PSG and Actigraph GT3x measured sleep outcomes using different algorithms and at each site
Sleep variable | Device | Placement | Algorithm | Mean (SD mins) | Mean difference (95% CI) from PSGa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sleep onset (hh:mm) | PSG | n = 114 | 21:38 (58) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 21:26 (61) | -12 (-20, -4) | |
Sadeh 1 | 21:23 (54) | -15 (-20, -10) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 20:39 (112) | -59 (-79, -39) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 21:31 (53) | -7 (-12, -2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 21:20 (51) | -18 (-23, -14) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 19:10 (153) | -149 (-179, -119) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 19:49 (127) | -109 (-132, -87) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 19:47 (49) | -112 (-124, -100) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 20:48 (97) | -50 (-67, -34) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 20:24 (64) | -74 (-85, -63) | |||
HDCZA | 21:33 (75) | -6 (-15, 4) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 21:37 (57) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 21:39 (57) | 2 (-3, 7) | |
Sadeh 1 | 21:33 (54) | -4 (-8, 1) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 21:22 (120) | -15 (-37, 6) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 21:46 (60) | 8 (3, 13) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 21:31 (53) | -6 (-12, -1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 21:05 (114) | -32 (-52, -11) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 21:01 (112) | -37 (-57, -16) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 21:07 (57) | -30 (-38, -22) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 21:37 (121) | -20 (-42, 2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 21:24 (58) | -13 (-18, -8) | |||
HDCZA | 21:33 (58) | -4 (-8, -1) | |||
Sleep offset (hh:mm) | PSG | n = 114 | 6:44 (90) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 7:00 (63) | 16 (1, 31) | |
Sadeh 1 | 6:58 (57) | 14 (1, 28) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 7:36 (86) | 53 (34, 71) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 6:57 (56) | 13 (0, 27) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 6:59 (56) | 15 (1, 29) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 8:17 (92) | 93 (73, 114) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 8:03 (88) | 79 (60, 98) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 7:58 (83) | 74 (56, 93) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 7:34 (83) | 51 (33, 68) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 7:29 (76) | 46 (29, 62) | |||
HDCZA | 6:33 (141) | -11 (-40, 18) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 6:43 (91) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 6:53 (62) | 9 (-5, 24) | |
Sadeh 1 | 6:52 (61) | 9 (-4, 22) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 6:37 (93) | -6 (-26, 14) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 6:53 (60) | 10 (-4, 23) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 6:55 (61) | 12 (-1, 26) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 6:56 (92) | 12 (-8, 33) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 7:00 (89) | 16 (-4, 36) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 7:04 (62) | 21 (6, 36) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 6:55 (79) | 12 (-6, 29) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 6:56 (63) | 12 (-4, 28) | |||
HDCZA | 7:00 (95) | 16 (-2, 35) | |||
Sleep period time (min) | PSG | n = 114 | 545 (92) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 573 (75) | 28 (13, 43) | |
Sadeh 1 | 575 (61) | 29 (15, 44) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 658 (142) | 113 (84, 142) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 566 (59) | 20 (6, 35) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 579 (60) | 34 (20, 47) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 788 (201) | 243 (203, 283) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 734 (174) | 189 (156, 222) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 732 (90) | 187 (167, 207) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 647 (121) | 102 (78, 126) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 666 (87) | 121 (102, 140) | |||
HDCZA | 553 (104) | 8 (-15, 31) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 546 (93) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 553 (66) | 7 (-7, 21) | |
Sadeh 1 | 559 (66) | 13 (-1, 26) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 556 (151) | 10 (-22, 42) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 548 (60) | 1 (-12, 15) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 565 (66) | 19 (6, 31) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 591 (137) | 45 (17, 73) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 600 (136) | 54 (27, 81) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 598 (67) | 52 (36, 68) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 579 (145) | 33 (2, 63) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 572 (66) | 26 (10, 43) | |||
HDCZA | 567 (92) | 21 (2, 40) | |||
Total sleep time (min) | PSG | n = 114 | 518 (89) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 532 (73) | 14 (-1, 29) | |
Sadeh 1 | 557 (59) | 39 (25, 54) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 623 (118) | 105 (80, 130) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 527 (60) | 9 (-6, 24) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 571 (59) | 53 (39, 67) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 734 (158) | 216 (183, 248) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 701 (148) | 183 (154, 212) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 695 (86) | 177 (157, 196) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 619 (109) | 101 (78, 123) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 628 (81) | 110 (92, 128) | |||
HDCZA | 495 (102) | -23 (-45, -2) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 519 (89) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 502 (61) | -16 (-30, -2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 496 (58) | -22 (-36, -9) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 490 (105) | -29 (-53, -4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 418 (55) | -101 (-117, -84) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 523 (61) | 5 (-8, 18) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 540 (97) | 21 (-1, 43) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 550 (96) | 32 (11, 53) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 549 (60) | 31 (15, 46) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 514 (102) | -5 (-28, 19) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 514 (60) | -5 (-20, 11) | |||
HDCZA | 486 (91) | -33 (-51, -15) | |||
WASO (min) | PSG | n = 114 | 74 (126) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 41 (18) | -33 (-56, -9) | |
Sadeh 1 | 17 (17) | -56 (-79, -34) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 35 (37) | -39 (-63, -15) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 39 (29) | -35 (-58, -13) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 8 (8) | -66 (-89, -43) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 55 (56) | -19 (-45, 7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 34 (34) | -40 (-64, -16) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 37 (18) | -36 (-60, -13) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 29 (24) | -45 (-69, -22) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 38 (21) | -36 (-59, -13) | |||
HDCZA | 58 (47) | -16 (-42, 10) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 71 (120) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 51 (20) | -20 (-42, 2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 63 (31) | -8 (-30, 13) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 66 (65) | -5 (-30, 20) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 130 (50) | 58 (36, 81) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 42 (25) | -30 (-51, -8) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 51 (55) | -20 (-44, 4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 50 (53) | -22 (-45, 2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 49 (28) | -22 (-44, -1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 65 (59) | -6 (-31, 18) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 58 (24) | -13 (-34, 8) | |||
HDCZA | 81 (60) | 10 (-14, 35) | |||
Sleep efficiencySPT (%) | PSG | n = 114 | 95.0 (4.1) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 92.8 (3.1) | -2.2 (-3.1, -1.4) | |
Sadeh 1 | 97.0 (2.8) | 2.0 (1.2, 2.7) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 95.1 (3.5) | 0.0 (-0.8, 0.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 93.2 (5.0) | -1.8 (-2.8, -0.8) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 98.6 (1.4) | 3.6 (2.9, 4.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 93.9 (4.6) | -1.1 (-2.2, -0.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 95.9 (2.6) | 0.8 (0.0, 1.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 94.9 (2.4) | -0.1 (-1.0, 0.8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 95.8 (2.8) | 0.7 (-0.1, 1.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 94.4 (3.0) | -0.6 (-1.5, 0.3) | |||
HDCZA | 89.5 (8.6) | -5.5 (-7.2, -3.7) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 94.9 (4.1) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 90.8 (3.3) | -4.2 (-5.0, -3.4) | |
Sadeh 1 | 88.9 (5.1) | -6.0 (-7.0, -5.1) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 88.8 (5.9) | -6.1 (-7.2, -5.0) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 76.6 (8.3) | -18.4 (-19.9, -16.8) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 92.7 (4.0) | -2.2 (-3.1, -1.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 92.0 (5.1) | -2.9 (-3.9, -1.9) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 92.4 (4.8) | -2.5 (-3.5, -1.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 91.9 (4.1) | -3.0 (-3.8, -2.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 89.6 (5.4) | -5.4 (-6.3, -4.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 89.9 (3.9) | -5.1 (-5.9, -4.3) | |||
HDCZA | 85.9 (10.3) | -9.1 (-11.1, -7.1) | |||
Sleep efficiencyTIB (%) | PSG | n = 114 | 89.1 (12.5) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 91.6 (9.8) | 2.5 (-0.1, 5.0) | |
Sadeh 1 | 95.9 (4.6) | 6.8 (4.4, 9.2) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 95.1 (3.5) | 5.9 (3.6, 9.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 90.7 (6.4) | 1.6 (-0.9, 4.1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 98.2 (3.0) | 9.1 (6.7, 11.4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 93.9 (4.6) | 4.8 (2.3, 7.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 95.9 (2.6) | 6.7 (4.3, 9.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 94.9 (2.4) | 5.8 (3.4, 8.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 95.8 (2.8) | 6.6 (4.3, 9.0) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 94.4 (3.0) | 5.3 (2.9, 7.7) | |||
HDCZA | NA | NA | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 89.2 (12.5) | |||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 86.5 (7.8) | -2.8 (-5.1, -0.4) | |
Sadeh 1 | 85.5 (7.4) | -3.7 (-6.0, -1.5) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 88.8 (5.9) | -0.4 (-2.8, 2.0) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 72.2 (9.3) | -17.0 (-19.7, -14.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 90.0 (6.6) | 0.8 (-1.3, 2.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 92.0 (5.1) | 2.8 (0.4, 5.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 92.4 (4.8) | 3.2 (0.8, 5.5) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 91.9 (4.1) | 2.7 (0.4, 5.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 89.6 (5.4) | 0.4 (-2.0, 2.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 89.9 (3.9) | 0.6 (-1.6, 2.9) | |||
HDCZA | NA | NA | |||
Night wakings (frequency) | PSG | n = 114 | 25.8 (8.3) | Reference | |
Actigraph GT3x | Hip (n = 114) | Count-scaled | 0.4 (0.6) | -25.4 (-27.0, -23.9) | |
Sadeh 1 | 0.2 (0.5) | -25.6 (-27.2, -24.1) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 10.4 (6.7) | -15.5 (-17.2, -13.7) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 13.5 (7.8) | -12.3 (-14.0, -10.5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 0.0 (0.2) | -25.8 (-27.3, -24.2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 13.2 (8.1) | -12.6 (-14.7, -10.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 10.9 (7.0) | -14.9 (-16.7, -13.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 11.0 (4.5) | -14.8 (-16.4, -13.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 11.4 (7.7) | -14.4 (-16.1, -12.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 12.6 (7.0) | -13.2 (-14.9, -11.4) | |||
HDCZA | 17.1 (5.7) | -8.7 (-10.2, -7.2) | |||
PSG | n = 119 | 26.3 (8.4) | Reference | ||
Actigraph GT3x | Wrist (n = 119) | Count-scaled | 0.7 (0.8) | -25.6 (-27.1, -24.1) | |
Sadeh 1 | 1.0 (1.1) | -25.3 (-26.7, -23.8) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 20.4 (7.5) | -5.9 (-7.4, -4.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 25.1 (7.2) | -1.2 (-2.8, 0.4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 0.3 (0.6) | -26.0 (-27.5, -24.5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 17.9 (8.5) | -8.4 (-10.1, -6.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 19.2 (9.3) | -7.1 (-8.9, -5.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 20.1 (8.6) | -6.2 (-7.8, -4.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 24.7 (10.0) | -1.6 (-3.5, -0.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 25.1 (9.0) | -1.2 (-2.8, 0.4) | |||
HDCZA | 20.6 (6.2) | -5.7 (-7.1, -4.2) |