Table 5 Comparison of PSG and Axivity measured sleep outcomes using different algorithms and at each site
Sleep variable | Device | Placement | Algorithm | Mean (SD) | Mean difference (95% CI) from PSGa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sleep onset (hh:mm) | PSG | (n = 116) | 21:41 (58) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 21:28 (63) | -14 (-22, -5) | |
Sadeh 1 | 21:34 (62) | -8 (-14, -1) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 20:57 (102) | -44 (-62, -27) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 21:31 (52) | -10 (-15, -5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 21:23 (54) | -18 (-22, -14) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 20:17 (115) | -84 (-104, -64) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 20:40 (100) | -61 (-78, -45) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 20:15 (59) | -86 (-99, -73) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 21:07 (100) | -34 (-51, -17) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 20:50 (62) | -52 (-62, -42) | |||
Van Hees | 21:09 (101) | -33 (-48, -18) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 21:43 (58) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 21:22 (54) | -20 (-28, -13) | |
Sadeh 1 | 21:28 (58) | -15 (-20, -9) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 20:29 (104) | -73 (-92, -55) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 21:28 (52) | -15 (-19, -10) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 21:25 (56) | -18 (-22, -13) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 19:19 (142) | -144 (-172, -116) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 19:51 (136) | -112 (-137, -86) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 19:52 (59) | -111 (-125, -97) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 20:45 (102) | -57 (-75, -40) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 20:21 (67) | -79 (-91, -67) | |||
Van Hees | 21:26 (101) | -21 (-37, -5) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 21:39 (57) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 21:32 (63) | -6 (-14, 2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 21:40 (65) | 2 (-6, 10) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 21:13 (96) | -25 (-39, -10) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 21:39 (61) | 1 (-5, 7) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 21:30 (56) | -9 (-14, -3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 20:56 (94) | -43 (-57, -28) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 21:05 (95) | -34 (-48, -20) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 20:54 (60) | -44 (-53, -35) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 21:30 (100) | -9 (-24, 6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 21:12 (66) | -27 (-34, -20) | |||
Van Hees | 21:01 (113) | -38 (-54, -21) | |||
Sleep offset (hh:mm) | PSG | n = 116 | 6:40 (92) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 6:42 (65) | 2 (-12, 17) | |
Sadeh 1 | 6:44 (59) | 5 (-9, 18) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 6:58 (98) | 18 (-4, 40) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 6:40 (65) | 0 (-14, 14) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 6:49 (57) | 9 (-4, 23) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 7:26 (98) | 47 (23, 70) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 7:14 (99) | 35 (12, 57) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 7:12 (87) | 32 (11, 53) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 6:54 (98) | 14 (-8, 36) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 6:45 (73) | 6 (-13, 24) | |||
Van Hees | 6:35 (120) | -4 (-29, 21) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 6:42 (95) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 6:47 (69) | 5 (-10, 20) | |
Sadeh 1 | 6:49 (61) | 7 (-7, 21) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 7:34 (107) | 52 (28, 76) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 6:49 (62) | 8 (-6, 22) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 6:55 (61) | 14 (0, 27) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 8:01 (128) | 79 (51, 106) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 7:57 (106) | 75 (51, 99) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 7:41 (93) | 59 (38, 80) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 7:22 (107) | 41 (17, 64) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 7:11 (88) | 29 (9, 49) | |||
Van Hees | 6:34 (108) | -8 (-32, 17) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 6:40 (92) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 6:35 (70) | -5 (-19, 10) | |
Sadeh 1 | 6:39 (62) | -1 (-15, 12) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 6:22 (103) | -18 (-39, 4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 6:31 (73) | -9 (-23, 6) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 6:41 (61) | 1 (-12, 15) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 6:47 (97) | 7 (-14, 28) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 6:40 (96) | 0 (-21, 21) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 6:31 (71) | -9 (-24, 7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 6:07 (116) | -33 (-57, -9) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 6:19 (73) | -21 (-39, -4) | |||
Van Hees | 6:21 (143) | -19 (-47, 8) | |||
Sleep period time (min) | PSG | n = 116 | 538 (95) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 555 (78) | 16 (-1, 33) | |
Sadeh 1 | 550 (69) | 12 (-2, 26) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 602 (130) | 64 (34, 93) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 549 (69) | 10 (-4, 25) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 566 (63) | 27 (13, 41) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 670 (139) | 132 (100, 163) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 657 (115) | 97 (70, 124) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 658 (107) | 119 (95, 144) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 588 (128) | 49 (20, 78) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 597 (88) | 58 (37, 79) | |||
Van Hees | 567 (86) | 28 (8, 49) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 539 (97) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 564 (77) | 25 (10, 41) | |
Sadeh 1 | 561 (68) | 22 (7, 37) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 665 (153) | 126 (93, 160) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 562 (67) | 23 (8, 37) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 570 (63) | 31 (18, 45) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 763 (187) | 224 (185, 263) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 727 (172) | 188 (150, 225) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 710 (117) | 171 (146, 196) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 638 (146) | 99 (67, 131) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 648 (109) | 109 (87, 132) | |||
Van Hees | 553 (90) | 14 (-8, 35) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 541 (95) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 543 (81) | 1 (-13, 16) | |
Sadeh 1 | 538 (78) | -3 (-18, 12) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 549 (113) | 8 (-16, 32) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 532 (72) | -10 (-24, 5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 551 (71) | 10 (-3, 23) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 592 (109) | 51 (27, 74) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 576 (104) | 35 (12, 58) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 578 (74) | 37 (20, 53) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 519 (122) | -23 (-49, 4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 548 (72) | 7 (-10, 24) | |||
Van Hees | 560 (95) | 18 (-2, 39) | |||
Total sleep time (mins) | PSG | n = 116 | 511 (93) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 507 (76) | -4 (-21, 13) | |
Sadeh 1 | 518 (72) | 7 (-9, 23) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 564 (105) | 53 (28, 78) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 480 (71) | -31 (-48, -14) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 545 (65) | 36 (21, 51) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 633 (116) | 122 (95, 149) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 610 (103) | 99 (75, 124) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 619 (100) | 109 (86, 132) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 554 (104) | 43 (18, 68) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 556 (83) | 45 (25, 66) | |||
Van Hees | 498 (72) | -12 (-30, 6) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 511 (94) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 533 (76) | 22 (6, 37) | |
Sadeh 1 | 546 (69) | 35 (20, 50) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 634 (129) | 123 (94, 151) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 529 (68) | 18 (2, 33) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 560 (64) | 49 (35, 63) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 716 (160) | 205 (171, 239) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 693 (149) | 182 (149, 215) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 675 (112) | 164 (140, 189) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 614 (126) | 103 (75, 132) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 618 (101) | 107 (85, 129) | |||
Van Hees | 498 (80) | -13 (-31, 6) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 514 (92) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 491 (80) | -22 (-38, -6) | |
Sadeh 1 | 472 (77) | -41 (-58, -25) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 491 (100) | -22 (-44, 0) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 404 (66) | -110 (-127, -92) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 506 (73) | -8 (-23, 7) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 547 (97) | 33 (11, 55) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 535 (93) | 21 (0, 43) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 531 (72) | 17 (1, 33) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 691 (111) | -45 (-70, -20) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 489 (70) | -24 (-41, -7) | |||
Van Hees | 492 (78) | -22 (-39, -5) | |||
WASO (min) | PSG | n = 116 | 74 (125) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 48 (22) | -26 (-49, -3) | |
Sadeh 1 | 33 (29) | -41 (-65, -18) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 38 (40) | -36 (-59, -13) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 69 (46) | -6 (-29, 18) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 19 (22) | -55 (-78, -32) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 37 (37) | -37 (-60, -13) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 26 (22) | -49 (-71, -26) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 38 (21) | -36 (-59, -13) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 34 (40) | -40 (-64, -17) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 41 (25) | -33 (-56, -11) | |||
Van Hees | 69 (37) | -5 (-29, 18) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 76 (126) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 32 (16) | -45 (-68, -21) | |
Sadeh 1 | 15 (18) | -62 (-84, -39) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 32 (41) | -44 (-69, -20) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 33 (32) | -44 (-67, -21) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 10 (13) | -66 (-90, -43) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 47 (48) | -30 (-55, -4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 33 (38) | -43 (-68, -18) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 35 (20) | -42 (-65, -18) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 24 (31) | -31 (-76, -30) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 30 (20) | -46 (-70, -23) | |||
Van Hees | 54 (27) | -22 (-46, 2) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 71 (119) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 51 (28) | -19 (-41, 2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 66 (43) | -5 (-26, 17) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 58 (29) | -13 (-34, 9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 128 (48) | 57 (36, 79) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 46 (39) | -25 (-46, -3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 45 (26) | -25 (-46, -4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 42 (26) | -29 (-50, -8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 47 (24) | -23 (-44, -3) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 50 (24) | -20 (-42, 1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 59 (25) | -12 (-32, 8) | |||
Van Hees | 68 (39) | -3 (-24, 19) | |||
Sleep efficiencySPT (%) | PSG | n = 116 | 94.8 (4.3) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 91.3 (3.8) | -3.5 (-4.4, -2.6) | |
Sadeh 1 | 94.0 (5.6) | -0.8 (-2.0, 0.5) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 94.0 (4.1) | -0.8 (-1.8, 0.2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 87.6 (7.8) | -7.2 (-8.7, -5.7) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 96.7 (3.9) | 1.9 (0.9, 2.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 94.8 (4.0) | 0.0 (-1.0, 1.0) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 96.2 (2.7) | 1.4 (0.5, 2.3) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 94.3 (3.1) | -0.6 (-1.4, 0.3) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 94.6 (4.1) | -0.2 (-1.2, 0.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 93.2 (4.1) | -1.6 (-2.5, -0.6) | |||
Van Hees | 88.2 (5.1) | -6.6 (-7.7, -5.6) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 94.8 (4.3) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 94.3 (2.9) | -0.5 (-1.3, 0.4) | |
Sadeh 1 | 97.3 (3.2) | 2.6 (1.7, 3.4) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 95.6 (4.2) | 0.9 (-0.1, 1.8) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 94.3 (5.5) | -0.5 (-1.7, 0.6) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 98.2 (2.2) | 3.5 (2.6, 4.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 94.4 (4.6) | -0.4 (-1.4, 0.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 95.8 (3.7) | 1.1 (0.1, 2.0) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 95.1 (2.7) | 0.3 (-0.5, 1.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 96.6 (3.1) | 1.9 (1.0, 2.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 95.5 (2.9) | 0.7 (-0.2, 1.5) | |||
Van Hees | 90.3 (4.3) | -4.5 (-5.5, -3.5) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 94.8 (4.2) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 90.5 (5.5) | -4.3 (-5.4, -3.2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 87.8 (8.0) | -7.0 (-8.5, -5.5) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 89.5 (4.3) | -5.3 (-6.2, -4.4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 76.1 (8.3) | -18.8 (-20.3, -17.2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 91.8 (7.3) | -3.1 (-4.5, -1.6) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 92.5 (3.6) | -2.4 (-3.2, -1.5) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 92.9 (3.6) | -1.9 (-2.7, -1.0) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 91.8 (4.0) | -3.0 (-3.9, -2.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 90.3 (3.9) | -4.5 (-5.3, -3.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 89.3 (4.5) | -5.6 (-6.5, -4.6) | |||
Van Hees | 88.1 (5.2) | -6.7 (-7.7, -5.7) | |||
Sleep efficiencyTIB (%) | PSG | n = 116 | 88.8 (9.6) | ||
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 88.2 (9.6) | -0.5 (-3.4, 2.3) | |
Sadeh 1 | 90.1 (8.7) | 1.4 (-1.3, 4.0) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 94.0 (4.1) | 5.3 (2.9, 7.6) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 83.6 (9.3) | -5.2 (-8.0, -2.4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 95.1 (5.2) | 6.4 (3.9, 8.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 94.8 (4.0) | 6.1 (3.7, 8.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 96.2 (2.7) | 7.4 (5.1, 9.8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 94.3 (3.1) | 5.5 (3.1, 7.9) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 94.6 (4.1) | 5.8 (3.5, 8.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 93.2 (4.1) | 4.5 (2.1, 6.8) | |||
Van Hees | NA | NA | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 88.8 (12.7) | |||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 92.7 (9.1) | 3.9 (1.3, 6.5) | |
Sadeh 1 | 95.0 (6.5) | 6.2 (3.5, 8.8) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 95.6 (4.2) | 6.9 (4.5, 9.2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 92.0 (6.5) | 3.2 (0.6, 5.8) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 97.5 (4.2) | 8.7 (6.3, 11.1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 94.3 (4.6) | 5.6 (3.1, 8.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 95.8 (3.7) | 7.1 (4.7, 9.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 95.1 (2.7) | 6.3 (3.9, 8.8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 96.6 (3.1) | 7.9 (5.5, 10.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 95.5 (2.9) | 6.7 (4.3, 9.1) | |||
Van Hees | NA | NA | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 88.8 (12.4) | |||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 85.0 (10.2) | -3.9 (-6.5, -1.2) | |
Sadeh 1 | 81.7 (10.5) | -7.1 (-9.9, -4.3) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 89.5 (4.3) | 0.7 (-1.6, 2.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 70.1 (10.4) | -18.7 (-21.5, -15.9) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 87.5 (9.1) | -1.3 (-3.9, 1.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 92.5 (3.6) | 3.6 (1.4, 5.9) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 92.9 (3.6) | 4.1 (1.9, 6.3) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 91.8 (4.0) | 3.0 (0.8, 5.2) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 90.3 (3.9) | 1.5 (-0.7, 3.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 89.3 (4.5) | 0.4 (-1.8, 2.7) | |||
Van Hees | NA | NA | |||
Night wakings (frequency) | PSG | n = 116 | 26.0 (8.3) | Reference | |
Axivity | Thigh (n = 116) | Count-scaled | 0.6 (0.9) | -25.4 (-26.9, -23.9) | |
Sadeh 1 | 0.3 (0.6) | -25.7 (-27.2, -24.2) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 14.0 (7.9) | -12.0 (-13.9, -10.1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 20.0 (8.1) | -6.0 (-7.8, -4.2) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 0.2 (0.5) | -25.9 (-27.4, -24.4) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 11.1 (7.6) | -15.0 (-16.9, -13.0) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 9.3 (6.4) | -16.7 (-18.5, -14.9) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 10.9 (6.1) | -15.1 (-16.8, -13.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 13.3 (7.8) | -12.7 (-14.6, -10.8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 14.3 (7.4) | -11.7 (-13.4, -10.0) | |||
Van Hees | 19.1 (4.9) | -6.9 (-8.4, -5.5) | |||
PSG | n = 115 | 26.1 (8.4) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Back (n = 115) | Count-scaled | 0.2 (0.5) | -25.9 (-27.4, -24.3) | |
Sadeh 1 | 0.1 (0.3) | -26.0 (-27.6, 24.5) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 8.4 (5.6) | -17.7 (-19.3, -16.1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 10.6 (6.5) | -15.5 (-17.1, -14.0) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 0.1 (0.3) | -26.1 (-27.6, -24.5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 10.6 (6.5) | -15.5 (-17.6, -13.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 8.8 (5.7) | -17.3 (-19.3, -15.3) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 8.8 (4.2) | -17.3 (-19.0, -15.6) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 7.4 (5.2) | -18.7 (-20.4, -17.1) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 8.4 (5.0) | -17.7 (-19.3, -16.2) | |||
Van Hees | 17.5 (4.8) | -8.7 (-10.2, -7.2) | |||
PSG | n = 125 | 26.0 (8.1) | Reference | ||
Axivity | Wrist (n = 125) | Count-scaled | 0.6 (0.8) | -25.4 (-26.8, -24.0) | |
Sadeh 1 | 0.9 (0.9) | -25.1 (-26.5, -23.7) | |||
Sadeh 2 | 20.4 (6.9) | -5.6 (-7.1, -4.1) | |||
Cole-Kripke 1 | 24.8 (7.2) | -1.2 (-2.8, 0.5) | |||
Cole-Kripke 2 | 0.3 (0.6) | -25.7 (-27.1, -24.3) | |||
Cole-Kripke 3 | 17.7 (7.1) | -8.3 (-9.8, -6.8) | |||
Tudor-Locke 1 | 17.0 (7.2) | -9.0 (-10.5, -7.5) | |||
Tudor-Locke 2 | 18.1 (7.4) | -7.9 (-9.4, -6.4) | |||
Tudor-Locke 3 | 18.7 (6.5) | -7.3 (-8.8, -5.7) | |||
Tudor-Locke 4 | 20.8 (6.9) | -5.3 (-6.7, -3.8) | |||
Van Hees | 19.8 (5.5) | -6.2 (-7.6, -4.9) |