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Table 4 Association of general safety and specific safety components with leisure-time walking and -cycling

From: Neighbourhood safety and leisure-time physical activity among Dutch adults: a multilevel perspective

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

Model 1 (age, gender, ethnicity, household comp.)

Model 2 (+education, income, wealth)

Model 3 (+population density)

Leisure-time walking

  

General safety

0.96 (0.86 – 1.08)

0.95 (0.85 – 1.06)

0.92 (0.81 – 1.05)

Physical disorder

0.94 (0.86 – 1.03)

0.94 (0.86 – 1.03)

0.90 (0.81 – 1.01)

Social disorder

0.94 (0.84 – 1.04)

0.95 (0.85 – 1.05)

0.92 (0.82 – 1.04)

Crime-related fear

0.98 (0.90 – 1.06)

0.98 (0.90 – 1.06)

0.97 (0.88 – 1.06)

Traffic safety

1.02 (0.95 – 1.09)

1.00 (0.94 – 1.07)

1.00 (0.93 – 1.06)

Leisure-time cycling

   

General safety

1.50 (1.34 – 1.68)*

1.42 (1.27 – 1.59)*

1.40 (1.23 – 1.60)*

Physical disorder

1.34 (1.22 – 1.47)*

1.28 (1.17 – 1.41)*

1.27 (1.14 – 1.42)*

Social disorder

1.31 (1.18 – 1.46)*

1.27 (1.14 – 1.41)*

1.22 (1.08 – 1.37)*

Crime–related fear

1.29 (1.19 – 1.40)*

1.26 (1.16 – 1.37)*

1.23 (1.12 – 1.35)*

Traffic safety

1.13 (1.05 – 1.20)*

1.10 (1.04 – 1.18)*

1.09 (1.02 – 1.17)*

Intraclass Correlation Coefficient

  

Leisure-time walking

0.00 (0.00 – 0.04)

0.00 (0.00 – 0.62)

0.00 (0.00 – 0.99)

Leisure-time cycling

0.01 (0.01 – 0.02)*

0.01 (0.00 – 0.02)*

0.01 (0.00 – 0.02)*

  1. * p≤0.05.