Early childhood predictors of toddlers’ physical activity: longitudinal findings from the Melbourne InFANT Program

Table 4 Early childhood predictors (T2- 9-months of age) of toddlers’ physical activity (mins/day) at 19-months of age

Variable	Model A^a	Model B^b	Model C^c
	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Maternal beliefs
Physical activity optimism	10.83 (-1.16, 22.82)	10.21 (-1.75, 22.16)	9.24 (-2.34, 20.81)
Physical activity self-efficacy	6.03 (-6.01, 18.06)
Future expectations	6.31 (-2.65, 15.28)
TV use	-3.03 (-11.38, 5.32)
TV self-efficacy	3.19 (-4.83, 11.20)
Maternal behaviours
Maternal physical activity (mins/week)	0.01 (-0.01, 0.02)
Maternal screen time (mins/week)	-0.01 (-0.06, 0.03)
Infant behaviours
Time spent playing games with adult (mins/week)	0.04 (-0.05, 0.13)
Time spent being physically active with mum (mins/week)	0.09 (0.02, 0.15)	0.07 (0.01, 0.14)	0.06 (0.01, 0.12)
Time spent having tummy time (mins/week)	-0.03 (-0.07, 0.01)
Time spent on the floor (mins/week)	0.03 (-0.02, 0.07)
Time spent with other babies of a similar age (mins/week)	-0.05 (-0.08, -0.01)	-0.04 (-0.08, -0.01)	-0.03 (-0.08, 0.01)
Time spent with older toddlers or children (mins/week)	-0.02 (-0.11, 0.08)
Time spent outside (mins/week)	0.03 (-0.08, 0.14)
Home environment
Physical activity equipment in home (# items)	0.43 (-3.79, 4.65)

^aAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group and clustering by mother’s group attended.
^bAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group, clustering by mother’s group attended, and all variables associated in Model A (p-value of ≤0.10).
^cAdjusted for accelerometer wear time, intervention group, clustering by mother’s group attended, all variables associated with PA in Model A (p-value of ≤ 0.10), maternal education and age when the child began walking.

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