Table 1 Sample characteristics (n=252)
|  | Mean ± SD or N (%) |
|---|---|
Demographics | Â |
Age (years) | 13.2 ± 2.8 |
Sex | Â |
  Female | 122 (48.4) |
  Male | 130 (51.6) |
Race/ethnicity | Â |
  White, not Hispanic | 231 (91.7) |
  Hispanic | 9 (3.6) |
  Black | 6 (2.4) |
  Other | 6 (2.4) |
Highest parent education level | Â |
  High school or equivalent | 22 (8.7) |
  Junior college, technical, or some college | 43 (17.1) |
  College degree | 112 (44.4) |
  Graduate education | 75 (29.8) |
Family income (annual $) | Â |
  <30,000 | 22 (9.0) |
  30,000-49,999 | 17 (7.0) |
  50,000-69,999 | 31 (12.7) |
  70,000-99,999 | 52 (21.2) |
  100,000-149,999 | 57 (23.3) |
  >150,000 | 66 (26.9) |
Diabetes and health-related characteristics | Â |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 6.3 ± 3.4 |
Regimen | Â |
  Injection | 79 (31.3) |
  Pump | 173 (68.7) |
Daily frequency of blood glucose monitoring | 5.4 ± 2.2 |
Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 8.5 ± 1.3 |
Healthy Eating Index 2005 | 53.4 ± 11.0 |
Nutrient-Rich Food 9.3 score | 20.8 ± 10.3 |