Skip to main content

Table 1 Sample characteristcs

From: Direct and indirect associations between the family physical activity environment and sports participation among 10–12 year-old European children: testing the EnRG framework in the ENERGY project

 

Sex

 
 

Boys (n=2279)

Girls (n=2673)

Total sample (n=4952)

Overall (%)1

46.0

54.0

100.0

Age (years; mean, sd)2

11.7 (0.7)

11.6 (0.7)*

11.6 (0.7)

Dual parental status (%)1

93.2

93.3

93.3

Married/living with partner (%)1

87.6

87.3

87.4

Siblings (%)1

83.0

83.1

83.0

Respondent’s highest level of education (%)1

   

  < 12 years

16.4

16.6

16.5

  12–13 years

23.3

24.1

23.7

  ≥ 14 years

60.3

59.3

59.8

Native language most often spoken at home? 1

94.9

94.2

94.5

Country (%)1

   

  Belgium

12.9

13.7

13.4

  Greece

13.5

14.2

13.9

  Hungary

16.2

18.1

17.2

  The Netherlands

7.2

6.7

7.0

  Norway

16.0

15.5

15.8

  Slovenia

18.6

17.9

18.2

  Spain

15.6

13.8

14.6

Sports participation

   

Participation ≥ 30mins/wk (%)1

61.7

46.4***

53.4

Family environment (mean, sd) 2

   

  Number of PA equipment items [0–8]

5.2 (2.1)

5.5 (1.9)***

5.3 (2.0)

  Financial support [0–4]

3.0 (1.3)

2.9 (1.4)***

2.9 (1.3)

  Logistic support [0–4]

2.8 (1.3)

2.6 (1.4)***

2.7 (1.3)

  Emotional support [0–4]

3.5 (0.9)

3.4 (1.0)***

3.4 (1.0)

  Reinforcement

2.9 (1.1)

2.9 (1.1)

2.9 (1.1)

  Parental modelling (hr/week) [0–10]

2.7 (2.6)

2.5 (2.5)*

2.6 (2.5)

  Co-participation [0–7]

1.4 (1.3)

1.4 (1.4)

1.4 (1.4)

Cognitions (mean, sd) 2

   

  Attitude [−2;2]

1.9 (0.4)

1.8 (0.4)**

1.9 (0.4)

  Beliefs about weight gain [−2;2]

1.0 (1.3)

1.0 (1.3)

1.0 (1.3)

  Enjoyment [−2;2]

1.8 (0.6)

1.7 (0.6)***

1.8 (0.6)

  Perceived behavioural control [−2;2]

1.5 (0.8)

1.3 (0.9)***

1.4 (0.8)

  1. *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
  2. 1 Chi-square test of significance between boys and girls.
  3. 2 Independent sample t-tests between boys and girls.