Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants randomly selected from communities: COMMUNICATE Study
Control | Intervention | p valuea | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All | Group A | Group FM | Group AFM | |||
Cluster | ||||||
No. of clusters | 3 | 9 | 3 | 3 | 3 | |
No. of residents | 5235 | 14721 | 3700 | 5553 | 5468 | 0.64 |
No. of residents aged 40–79 years | 2917 | 7493 | 2132 | 2743 | 2618 | 0.93 |
Population density, mean ± SD, /km2 | 131 ± 137 | 273 ± 371 | 433 ± 641 | 145 ± 46 | 240 ± 268 | 0.52 |
Evaluation participants (eligible respondents) | ||||||
No. of participants (eligible response rate) | 1078 (71.9) | 3336 (74.1) | 1107 (73.8) | 1107 (73.8) | 1122 (74.8) | 0.85 |
Male | 510 (47.3) | 1540 (46.2) | 522 (47.2) | 517 (46.7) | 501 (44.7) | 0.51 |
Age, years | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 61.0 ± 10.6 | 60.7 ± 10.5 | 61.2 ± 10.7 | 60.1 ± 10.4 | 60.6 ± 10.5 | 0.29 |
40-59 | 471 (43.7) | 1514 (45.4) | 477 (43.1) | 522 (47.2) | 515 (45.9) | |
60-79 | 607 (56.3) | 1822 (54.6) | 630 (56.9) | 585 (52.8) | 607 (54.1) | |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | ||||||
Mean ± SD | 22.5 ± 3.2 | 22.6 ± 3.1 | 22.8 ± 3.2 | 22.3 ± 2.9 | 22.6 ± 3.0 | 0.68 |
<18.5 | 83 (8.1) | 226 (7.0) | 62 (5.9) | 88 (8.2) | 76 (6.9) | |
≥18.5- < 25 | 744 (72.2) | 2352 (72.9) | 770 (72.8) | 804 (74.8) | 778 (71.1) | |
≥25 | 204 (19.8) | 650 (20.1) | 226 (21.4) | 183 (17.0) | 241 (22.0) | |
Self-rated health | ||||||
Excellent/good | 878 (81.9) | 2722 (82.7) | 885 (80.8) | 902 (83.0) | 935 (84.3) | 0.20 |
Fair/poor | 194 (18.1) | 569 (17.3) | 210 (19.2) | 185 (17.0) | 174 (15.7) | |
Years of education, mean ± SD | 11.5 ± 2.3 | 11.5 ± 2.4 | 11.5 ± 2.4 | 11.4 ± 2.3 | 11.5 ± 2.5 | 0.72 |
Employed | 695 (69.6) | 2101 (68.7) | 665 (64.6) | 711 (70.0) | 725 (71.6) | 0.58 |
Engagement in farming | 552 (52.4) | 1626 (49.7) | 466 (42.7) | 627 (58.2) | 533 (48.4) | 0.13 |
Chronic disease historyb | 659 (61.1) | 2059 (61.7) | 679 (61.3) | 673 (60.8) | 707 (63.0) | 0.73 |
Regular physical activityc | 574 (64.6) | 1745 (63.0) | 614 (66.6) | 526 (58.3) | 605 (64.0) | 0.40 |
Total walking time, mins/week | ||||||
Median (interquartile range) | 60 (0–210) | 60 (0–200) | 80 (0–210) | 60 (0–180) | 60 (0–200) | 0.53 |
≥150 | 311 (37.7) | 914 (36.4) | 319 (38.1) | 282 (34.1) | 313 (37.0) | |
Flexibility activity | ||||||
Daily | 253 (24.4) | 772 (23.8) | 276 (25.9) | 214 (19.8) | 282 (25.8) | 0.45 |
Not daily but occasionally | 463 (44.7) | 1548 (47.7) | 524 (49.1) | 518 (47.9) | 506 (46.3) | |
Not at all | 320 (30.9) | 922 (28.4) | 267 (25.0) | 349 (32.3) | 306 (28.0) | |
Muscle-strengthening activity, days/week | ||||||
Median (interquartile range) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–3) | 0 (0–3) | 0.99 |
≥2 | 348 (38.0) | 1080 (37.7) | 390 (40.9) | 310 (33.0) | 380 (39.2) | |
Median (interquartile range) VAS pain score | ||||||
Low back | 5 (0–32) | 8 (0–36) | 8 (0–36) | 9 (0–37) | 7 (0–32) | 0.11 |
Knee | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–13) | 0 (0–15) | 0 (0–11) | 0 (0–12) | 0.067 |
Chronic musculoskeletal paind | ||||||
Low back | 133 (13.1) | 441 (14.1) | 145 (13.9) | 150 (14.5) | 146 (13.8) | 0.43 |
Knee | 95 (9.1) | 360 (11.2) | 115 (10.8) | 122 (11.4) | 123 (11.4) | 0.062 |