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Table 3 Unadjusted frequency (%) for diet-related behaviours by gender and ethnicity (higher frequency indicates more obesogenic dietary behaviour pattern)

From: Adolescent dietary patterns in Fiji and their relationships with standardized body mass index

Dietary variable

All

Indigenous Fijian (%)

IndoFijian (%)

 

Total

Male

Female

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total1

 

(95% CI) n= 6,871

(95% CI) n=3,271

(95% CI) n=3,600

(95% CI) n=1,401

(95% CI) n=1,676

(95% CI) n=3,077

(95% CI) n=1,870

(95% CI) n=1,924

(95% CI) n=3,794

Breakfast

         

Infrequent breakfast consumer (0–3 days in the last 5 school days)

23.9

20.3

27.3

26.1

34.1

30.4

16.3

21.8

19.0

(22.8,25.0)

(18.8,21.8)

(25.7,28.9)*

(23.6,28.7)

(31.5,36.6)*

(28.6,32.2)

(14.5,18.1)

(19.8,23.8)*

(17.7,20.4)*

Breakfast sourced outside from home

4.1

3.9

4.3

5.9

7.2

6.6

2.5

1.9

2.2

(3.6,4.6)

(3.2,4.6)

(3.6,5.0)

(4.6,7.3)

(5.8,8.6)

(5.6,7.6)

(1.7,3.2)

(1.3,2.6)

(1.7,2.7)*

Morning snack

         

Infrequent morning snack consumer (0–3 days in the last 5 school days)

35.6

32.7

38.3

39.4

44.9

42.4

28.1

32.9

30.5

(34.4,36.9)

(30.9,34.4)

(36.6,40.1)*

(36.5,42.3)

(42.3,47.6)*

(40.5,44.4)

(25.9,30.3)

(30.6,35.2)*

(28.9,32.1)*

Morning snack sourced outside from home

62.8

55.9

69.1

71.8

81.1

76.9

45.2

59.4

52.4

(61.6,64.1)

(54.1,57.8)

(67.4,70.7)*

(69.1,74.4)

(79.0,83.2)*

(75.2,78.6)

(42.8,47.7)

(57.0,61.7)*

(50.7,54.1)*

Lunch

         

Infrequent lunch consumer (0–3 days in the last 4–5 school days)

23.2

18.3

27.9

17.3

24.3

21.1

18.9

30.9

24.8

(22.1,24.3)

(16.8,19.7)

(26.3,29.5)*

(15.1,19.6)

(22.0,26.6)*

(19.5,22.8)

(17.0,20.8)

(28.6,33.1)*

(23.4,26.3)*

Lunch sourced outside from home

11.7

9.7

13.6

12.6

18.3

15.7

7.6

9.6

8.6

(10.9,12.5)

(8.6,10.8)

(12.4,14.8)*

(10.7,14.6)

(16.3,20.4)*

(14.3,17.2)

(6.4,8.9)

(8.2,11.1)*

(7.7,9.6)*

Fruit and vegetables

         

Did not usually meet recommended fruit & vegetables (less than 5 serves a day)

73.6

71.2

75.7

66.4

70.8

68.8

74.7

79.6

77.1

(72.5, 74.7)

(69.5,72.9)

(74.2,77.2)*

(63.7,69.2)

(68.4,73.2)*

(67.0,70.6)

(72.3,76.5)

(77.7,81.5)*

(75.6,78.4)*

Infrequent fruit consumed after school (some days or never)

63.1

61.2

64.7

63.2

67.8

65.7

59.9

62.3

61.2

(61.9,64.3)

(59.5,63.0)

(63.1,66.4)*

(60.4,66.0)

(65.3,70.3)*

(63.9,67.6)

(57.6,62.3)

(60.1,64.6)

(59.5,62.8)*

Unavailability of fruit at home after school (some days or never)

31.5

32.5

30.6

39.6

39.0

39.3

26.9

22.9

24.8

(30.2,32.7)

(30.7,34.3)

(28.9,32.3)

36.8,42.5)

(36.4,41.6)

(37.4,41.2)

(24.5,29.2)

(20.7,25.0)*

(23.2,26.4)*

Sugar sweetened beverages (SSB)

         

Frequent SSB consumers (4–5 days in the 5 school days)

89.8 (89.1,90.6)

90.9 (89.8,91.9)

88.9 (87.8,90.0)*

89.3 (87.5,91.1)

89.2 (87.5,90.8)

89.2 (88.0,90.4)

92.0 (90.7,93.3)

88.6 (87.1,90.1)*

90.3 (89.3,91.2)

High consumption of SSB (≥ 2 glasses on the last school day)

70.2

74.6

66.2

77.0

70.0

73.2

73.1

63.2

68.1

(69.1,71.4)

(73.0,76.2)

(64.6,67.9)*

(74.5,79.4)

(67.6,72.4)*

(71.4,74.9)

(71.0,75.2)

(61.0,65.5)*

(66.5,69.6)*

Frequent availability of soft drink at home after school (every day or almost every day)

33.7

34.2

33.2

21.1

22.0

21.6

44.7

43.6

44.2

(32.4,35.0)

(32.3,36.0)

(31.4,35.0)

(18.6,23.5)

(19.8,24.3)

(19.9,23.2)

(42.1,47.4)

(41.0,46.2)

(42.3,46.0)*

Takeaways

         

Frequent food from takeaways (usually more than once a week)

13.2

13.1

13.2

14.7

16.9

15.9

12.0

10.4

11.1

(12.3,14.0)

(11.9,14.3)

(12.1,14.4)

(12.7,16.8)

(15.0,18.9)

(14.5,17.4)

(10.5,13.6)

(9.0,11.8)

(10.2,12.2)*

Frequent takeaways for dinner (more than once a week)

33.0

33.5

32.5

36.5

36.8

36.7

31.1

28.6

29.8

(31.7,34.3)

(31.7,35.3)

(30.8,34.3)

(33.7,39.3)

(34.2,39.4)

(34.8,38.6)

(28.7,33.5)

(26.3,31.0)

(28.2,31.5)*

Snacks

         

Frequent buying of snacks after school ( 4–5 days in the last 5 school days)

22.8

20.0

25.2

23.4

29.5

26.7

17.7

21.9

19.9

(21.7,23.8)

(18.5,21.5)

(23.7,26.8)*

(20.9,25.8)

(27.1,31.9)*

(25.0,28.4)

(15.9,19.6)

(20.0,23.9)*

(18.6,21.2)*

Frequent snacks consumer (usually after school)

38.3

38.7

37.8

41.2

40.3

40.7

37.1

35.8

36.5

(37.0, 39.5)

(37.0,40.5)

(36.1,39.5)

(38.4,44.1)

(37.8,42.9)

(38.8,42.7)

(34.8,39.4)

(33.6,38.1)

(34.9,38.1)*

Frequent availability of snacks at home (every day or most days)

50.3

51.9

48.9

52.0

50.7

51.3

51.8

47.2

49.4

(49.0,51.7)

(50.0,53.8)

(47.1,50.7)*

(49.1,55.0)

(48.1,53.4)

(49.4,53.3)

(49.2,54.4)

(44.6,49.7)*

(47.6,51.2)

Frequent fried foods consumed after school (every day or most days)

12.6

11.8

13.3

10.2

14.0

12.3

12.9

12.7

12.8

(11.7,13.4)

(10.6,13.0)

(12.1,14.5)

(8.4,12.0)

(12.2,15.8)*

(11.0,13.5)

(11.3,14.5)

(11.2, 14.3)

(11.7,13.9)

Frequent chocolate/sweets consumed after school (every day or most days)

26.2

20.7

31.2

17.8

28.5

23.7

22.7

33.3

28.2

(25.1,27.4)

(19.2,22.2)

(29.6,32.8)*

(15.6,20.1)

(26.1,30.9)*

(22.0,25.3)

(20.7,24.8)

(31.1,35.6)*

(26.6,29.7)*

Frequent availability of confectionery at home (every day or most days)

29.1

27.4

30.7

17.4

20.1

18.9

35.3

40.5

38.0

(27.9,30.3)

(25.6,29.1)

(29.0,32.4)*

(15.2,19.7)

(17.9,22.2)

(17.3,20.4)

(32.8,37.9)

(38.0,43.0)*

(36.2,39.7)*

  1. *P-value (<0.05) for the difference in percentages across ethnic and gender subgroups tested using Pearson Chi-square Test. Within column All, asterisk on female show difference within gender. Asterisk on Total 1 (%) refers to difference within ethnic subgroups. Within ethnic subgroups, asterisk on female shows difference in percentages between genders.
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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