Effect of a governmentally-led physical activity program on motor skills in young children attending child care centers: a cluster randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Baseline and follow-up values of primary and secondary outcomes and intervention effects

Outcomes	Baseline		Follow-up		Effect estimates
	Intervention	Control	Intervention	Control
	n = 313	n = 335	n = 280	n = 308
Primary outcome					Δ of mean change (95% CI) ^a	p value
Motor skills (Global motor score), mean ± SD	12.4 ± 3.5	12.5 ± 3.5	14.2 ± 2.9	14.2 ± 2.8	−0.2 (−0.8 to 0.3)	0.43
Secondary outcomes
Average PA, mean ± SD, counts/min	620 ± 278	600 ±206	765 ± 340	711 ± 219	55.9 (−30.6 to 142.3)	0.21
MVPA, mean ± SD, epochs/hour ≥ 420 counts	29.2 ± 14	28.1 ± 12.5	37.2 ± 17.1	35.9 ± 13.7	1.1 (−4.2 to 6.4)	0.68
VPA mean ± SD, epochs/hour ≥ 842 counts	8.1 ± 6.1	7.4 ± 5.3	10.3 ± 7.5	9.2 ± 6.2	1.22 (−1.25 to 3.69)	0.33
Quality of life (PedsQL™ Score), mean ± SD	83.0 ± 9.1	82.0 ± 11.0	82.9 ± 9.3	81.5 ± 11.3	1.1 (−1.8 to 3.9)	0.46
BMI, mean ± SD, kg/m²	16.3 ± 1.4	16.2 ± 1.2	16.1 ± 1.3	16.2 ± 1.3	−0.7 (−0.2 to 0.6)	0.29
					Odds Ratio (95% CI) ^b
Normal Weight, %	84.3	89.0	82.5	85.9	0.74 (0.48 to 2.76)	0.2
Overweight, %	15.7	11	17.5	14.1	0.74 (0.48 to 2.76)	0.2

BMI body mass index, PA physical activity, MVPA moderate to vigorous physical activity, VPA vigorous physical activity, CI confidence intervals.
^aIn the case of quantitative outcome variables, the effect estimates describe the difference between the mean individual changes in the intervention group and the mean individual changes in the control group using mixed linear models and adjusting for the respective baseline values, age, gender and for the cluster factor child care center (i.e. the unit of randomization).
^bIn the case of the binary outcome variables, effect estimates were obtained from mixed logistic regression models with the same adjustments, and they are expressed as odds ratios.
n is based on the number of children present at the test day. See Figure 3 for more details on the number of valid outcome data at a given time point.

ISSN: 1479-5868