Author (Year); Country | Sample characteristics (Number, Age, % Male) | Outcome variables | Home physical and social environment independent variables | Adjustments | Internal validity | External validity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
House & yard | PA equipment | Media equipment | BR media equipment | Family rules | Family support | Family behaviour | ||||||
Sedentary Outcome Only - Cross-Sectional Studies | ||||||||||||
Cui (2011); China [41] | n=986; 6–18 yrs; 53% | Screen time (SR,PR) | + | + | 0 | + | Age, income, sex, residence, clustering | + | + | |||
Devis-Devis (2009); SpainE[42] | n=323; 12–16 yrs; 46% | TV time; | 0 | Not noted | + | + | ||||||
e-game time; | + | |||||||||||
Mobile ph time (SR) (V,R) | + | |||||||||||
Granich (2011); Aust. [43] | n=298; 11–12 yrs; 49% | Screen time (SR) (R) | 0 | + | +/- | + | 0 | Not included (NS) except for SES (school day), gender (weekend day); analysed by school/weekend day | + | + | ||
Hardy (2006); Aust. [44] | n=343; 12–13 yrs; 50% | TV time (SR) (R) | + | 0 | 0 | + | + | Not included (NS) | + | ++ | ||
Hesketh (2007); Aust.A B D[45] | n=895; grade 5 & 6; 46% | TV Time (PR) (R) | + | + | - | + | School clustering | + | + | |||
Hoyos Cillero (2011); Spain [46] | n=503; 10–13 yrs; ~50% | TV time; | +F,0M | 0F,0M | 0F,-M | 0F,+M | Child & parent BMI, parent ed.; school clustering; stratified by age, gender; analysed by week/weekend day | + | + | |||
Screen time (SR) (R) | 0F,0M | 0F,0M | 0F,0M | 0F,+M | ||||||||
Hume (2010); The Netherlands [47] | n=338; 12–15 yrs; 55% | TV time (SR) | 0 | 0 | 0 | + | School clustering | + | + | |||
Jago (2008); Europe [48] | n=2670; grade 3 & 9; 49% | TV time; | 0 | 0 | Grade, gender, father & mother income, obesity; school clustering, country (overall); stratified by country | + | ++ | |||||
e-game time (SR) | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||
Norman (2005); USA [49] | n=878; 11–15 yrs; 46% | Sedentary time (SR) (R) | 0F,0M | -F, 0M | +F,0M | Age, ethnicity, BMI, education; stratified by gender | + | + | ||||
Patriarca (2009); Italy [50] | n=987; 11–16 yrs; 50% | TV Time; | 0 | 0 | 0 | Age, gender, no. of siblings, both parents in household, parent working activity, sport activity | + | ++ | ||||
Computer time; | + | + | 0 | |||||||||
e-game time (SR) | 0 | 0 | - | |||||||||
Ramirez (2011); USA [51] | n=160; mean 14.6 yrs; 48% | TV time; | + | - | Not noted; analysed by SR/PR | + | + | |||||
e-game time; | + | - | ||||||||||
Computer time (SR,PR) (R) | 0 | - | ||||||||||
Springer (2010); USA [52] | n=734; grade 4; 50% | TV time (SR) | 0 | - | + | Gender, ethnicity, age, language, data collection period, school clustering; analysed by week/weekend day | + | + | ||||
van Sluijs (2010); Europe [53] | n=2107; 9–10 & 14–15 yrs; 46 & 56% | Sedentary time (Acc) (V) | 0 | 0 | 0 | Grade, sex; stratified by country | ++ | ++ | ||||
van Zutphen (2007); Aust. [54] | n=1926; 4–12 yrs; 49% | TV time (PR) | + | + | - | Parent ed., income, SES, no. of adults & children | + | + | ||||
Zabinski (2007); USAC[55] | n=878; 11–15 yrs; 48% | Sedentary time (SR) | - | - | 0 | Not noted | + | + | ||||
Sedentary Outcome Only - Longitudinal Studies | ||||||||||||
Te Velde (2011); The NetherlandsB[56] | n=12654; 11–17 yrs; 54% | TV time (SR) (R) | + | - | + | Age, sex, school level (SES), ethnicity | ++ | ++ | ||||
Willoughby (2008); Canada [57] | n=1591; grade 9 & 10; 51% | e-game use; | 0 | Parent ed., baseline value of outcome, gender | + | + | ||||||
Internet use (SR) | 0 |