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Table 5 Unstandardized regression coefficients and P-values for built environment, perceived safety, and their interactions in the NQLS sample

From: Is the relationship between the built environment and physical activity moderated by perceptions of crime and safety?

Outcome variable

 

Total MVPAafrom accelerometers

Natural log of walking for transportationa

Natural log of walking for leisurea

 

n = 1995

n = 2065

n = 2068

 

ICC = .09d

ICC = .04d

ICC = .00d

  

B (95% CI)

P-value

 

B (95% CI)

P-value

 

B (95% CI)

P-value

Walkability index

M1

9.48 (5.31, 13.65)

.000*

M10

0.18 (0.12–0.25)

.000*

   

 Traffic safety

 

17.15 (.04, 24.27)

.049*

 

0.24 (0.01–0.48)

.042*

   

 Interaction

 

−2.63 (−8.22, 2.96)

.357

 

−0.04 (−0.12–0.03)

.271

   

Walkability index

M2

7.81 (3.69, 11.94)

.000*

M11

0.18 (0.12–0.24)

.000*

   

 Pedestrian safety

 

40.26 (18.02, 62.51)

.000*

 

0.46 (0.16–0.76)

.002*

   

 Interaction

 

7.48 (.86, 14.09)

.027*

 

−0.01 (−0.1–0.07)

.796

   

Walkability index

M3

9.99 (5.99, 13.99)

.000*

M12

0.18 (0.12–0.24)

.000*

   

 Crime safety

 

13.41 (−5.43,32.25)

.163

 

0.01 (−0.25–0.28)

.925

   

 Interaction

 

−6.51 (−12.34, −0.69)

.028*

 

−.005 (−0.13–0.03)

.199

   

Parks

M4

−15.46 (−52.55, 21.63)

.412

  

M13

−0.03 (−0.48–0.43)

.909

 Traffic safety

 

16.44 (−6.45, 39.33)

.159

   

0.25 (0.06–0.57)

.112

 Interaction

 

11.11 (−34.42, 56.64)

.632

   

0.16 (-0.46–0.78)

.618

Parks

M5

−9.70 (−46.98, 27.57)

.609

  

M14

−0.04 (−0.50–0.43)

.875

 Pedestrian safety

 

17.95 (−11.96, 47.86)

.239

   

0.39 (−0.02–0.80)

.061

 Interaction

 

76.32 (16.93, 135.71)

.012*

   

0.17 (−0.64–0.98)

.681

Parks

M6

−1.26 (−41.86, 39.33)

.951

  

M15

0.22 (−0.30–0.75)

.403

 Crime safety

 

23.02 (−9.72, 55.76)

.168

   

0.29 (−0.16–0.74)

.205

 Interaction

 

−47.73 (−112.28, 16.82)

.147

   

−0.83 (−1.71–0.06)

.070

Rec facilities

M7

31.39 (6.10, 56.68)

.015*

  

M16

0.39 (0.08–0.70)

.013*

 Traffic safety

 

19.38 (1.52, 37.24)

.034

   

0.22 (−0.01–.046)

.066

 Interaction

 

6.08 (−29.19, 41.35)

.735

   

0.58 (0.10–1.05)

.018*

Rec facilities

M8

28.10 (2.79, 53.41)

.030*

  

M17

0.37 (0.04–0.69)

.026*

 Pedestrian safety

 

36.90 (14.07, 59.72)

.002*

   

0.39 (0.08–0.71)

.013*

 Interaction

 

34.17 (−11.13, 79.47)

.139

   

0.07 (−0.55–0.69)

.821

Rec facilities

M9

35.66 (9.42, 61.89)

.008*

  

M18

0.40 (0.06–0.73)

.021*

 Crime safety

 

13.20 (−7.74, 34.19)

.217

   

−0.05 (−0.33–0.23)

.740

 Interaction

 

−32.32 (−72.61, 7.98)

.116

   

0.22 (−0.32–0.71)

.421

  1. MVPA = moderate to vigorous physical activity.
  2. B = unstandardized regression coefficient.
  3. CI = confidence interval.
  4. ICC = intraclass correlation coefficient assessing proportion of variance between block groups.
  5. M = model number.
  6. aControlling for age, ethnicity, gender, education, marital status, months at address, number of people in the household and number of vehicles per adult.
  7. dICCs are for the empty model containing no independent variables.
  8. *Significant at p < 0.05.
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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