Table 4 School factors and grade 7-12 students’ beverage/food consumption associated with Body Mass Index (normal versus obese) (N = 8172)
Model 1 (n = 8018) | Model 2 (n = 7604) | Model 3 (n = 7458) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR [95% CI], p-value | OR [95% CI], p-value | OR [95% CI], p-value | |||
Covariates | |||||
School postsecondary education | 1.00 [0.83–1.20], p = .98 | 1.00 [0.81–1.23], p = .98 | 0.98 [0.80–1.20], p = .84 | ||
School setting | Urban (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Suburban | 1.53 [1.06–2.23], p = .02 | 1.67 [1.15–2.44], p = .01 | 1.52 [1.35–2.23], p = .04 | ||
Rural | 1.94 [1.40–1.11], p < .001 | 2.01 [1.39–2.89], p < .001 | 1.89 [1.03–2.66], p < .001 | ||
Age | 1.06 [0.99–1.14], p = .09 | 1.07 [1.00–1.14], p = .06 | 1.06 [0.99–1.14], p = .10 | ||
Sex | Male (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
Female | 0.47[0.38–0.59], p < .001 | 0.51[0.40–0.64], p < .001 | 0.51[0.40–0.64], p < .001 | ||
School environment | |||||
Policy institutionalization – district guidelines | 0.87 [0.62–1.23], p = .44 | - | 0.85 [0.59–1.21], p = .36 | ||
Policy institutionalization – school nutrition practices | 1.23 [0.66–2.29], p = .50 | - | 1.15 [0.59–2.23], p = .67 | ||
Capacity and resources | Nutritional resources | 1.03 [0.77–1.36], p = .85 | - | 0.97 [0.73–1.31], p = .89 | |
Program participation | None (reference) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | |
1 program | 1.22 [0.88–1.68], p = .23 | - | 1.20 [0.86–1.67], p = .27 | ||
2 programs | 0.89 [0.52–1.52], p = .65 | - | 0.99 [0.57–1.72], p = .96 | ||
Internal and external support | 0.78 [0.56–1.07], p = .13 | - | 0.74 [0.53–1.04], p = .08 | ||
Sugar-sweetened beverages availability | No (reference) | 1.00 | - | 1.00 | |
Yes | 1.58 [1.20–2.10], p = .001 | - | 1.50 [1.12–2.01], p = .01 | ||
Food availability index | 1.03 [0.97–1.09], p = .32 | - | 1.03 [0.97–1.11], p = .29 | ||
Student consumption | |||||
Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption | None (reference) | - | 1.00 | 1.00 | |
1 yesterday | - | 1.26 [0.98–1.62], p = .07 | 1.19 [0.92–1.54], p = .18 | ||
2+ yesterday | - | 1.69 [1.20–2.36], p = .003 | 1.66 [1.19–2.34], p = .003 | ||
Food consumption index | - | 1.04 [0.99–1.08], p = .15 | 1.03 [0.98–1.08], p = .27 | ||