Physical activity, aerobic fitness and parental socio-economic position among adolescents: the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents 2003–2006 (KiGGS)

Table 3 Stepwise adjusted odds ratios (OR) of physical work capacity and total energy expenditure according to parental education, boys and girls 11–17 years

	High aerobic fitness		High total energy expenditure
	Basic model^a	Final model^b	Basic model^a	Final model^c
	OR 95% CI	OR 95% CI	OR 95% CI	OR 95% CI
Boys (n = 2677)
Parental education
Primary	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Secondary	1.3 (1.0-1.6)	1.1 (0.8-1.4)	1.1 (0.8-1.3)	1.0 (0.8-1.2)
Tertiary	1.6 (1.2-2.1)	1.3 (1.0-1.8)	1.2 (0.9-1.5)	1.1 (0.8-1.5)
Parental occupation
Low	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1.4 (1.2-1.7)	1.3 (1.0-1.5)	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	1.2 (1.0-1.5)
High	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	1.1 (0.8-1.4)	1.1 (0.9-1.4)	1.1 (0.9-1.4)
Household income
Low	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	1.1 (0.9-1.4)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)
High	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	1.1 (0.9-1.3)	0.9 (0.7-1.2)
Girls (n = 2574)
Parental education
Primary	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Secondary	1.5 (1.2-1.9)	1.4 (1.1-1.8)	1.5 (1.2-1.9)	1.3 (1.1-1.7)
Tertiary	1.9 (1.4-2.5)	1.4 (1.0-1.9)	2.4 (1.8-3.1)	1.8 (1.4-2.4)
Parental occupation
Low	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1.3 (1.1-1.6)	1.1 (0.8-1.3)	1.4 (1.1-1.7)	1.2 (0.9-1.5)
High	1.7 (1.3-2.0)	1.2 (1.0-1.6)	1.8 (1.4-2.3)	1.3 (1.0-1.7)
Household income
Low	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	1.2 (1.0-1.5)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)
High	1.5 (1.2-1.8)	1.1 (0.8-1.4)	1.6 (1.2-2.0)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)

^aModel adjusted for age groups and region strata East–west Germany (separate models for education, occupation and income). ^bAdjusted as the basic model and also for ‘BMI-for-age’, ‘physical wellbeing’ and ‘parental support for leisure time activity’ among girls (education, occupation and income in combined model). ^cAdjusted as the basic model and also for ‘BMI-for-age’ among boys, ‘physical wellbeing’ and ‘parental support for leisure time activity’ (education, occupation and income in combined model).

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