How might we increase physical activity through dog walking?: A comprehensive review of dog walking correlates

Table 3 Evidence of the SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT correlates of dog walking

	Evidence of a positive association	Evidence of a negative association	No evidence of an association
Perception that DW promotes social engagement	16, 47		26
Subjective norm of significant others about dog walking	23, 24, 42		25
Other people’s dogs (e.g. large, uncontrolled, roaming, untrained, off leash, aggressive, fear)		16*, 49
Other dog owners not picking up after dog		16*
Safety concerns		47, 48, 49*	24, 26
DW perceived as a deterrent for local crime/increasing feelings of safety	16, 47
Conflict with other users of DW areas		16*
Crowding in DW areas		51, 52*

DW=Dog walking. *qualitative evidence. For quantitative observational studies, bolded citation number = multivariable adjusted evidence or unbolded citation number = univariable evidence.

ISSN: 1479-5868