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Table 5 Evidence of the OWNER RELATED (Demographic and personal beliefs) correlates of dog walking

From: How might we increase physical activity through dog walking?: A comprehensive review of dog walking correlates

  

Evidence of a positive association

Evidence of a negative association

No evidence of an association

Where some elements show evidence of a positive association but others no evidence of an association

Demographics

Gender (female)

40, 58

 

27, 26, 59, 83, 101, 48

 

Age (middle aged sometimes most likely)

23, 58, 101

 

27, 40, 34, 59, 48

 

Ethnicity (white)

59, 83

   

Education

58, 83

 

27, 40, 59, 48

 

Employment

  

27, 34

 

Income

27, 40, 26, 101

 

59

 

Health

  

58, 83

 

Weight status

 

58, 59, 83

  

Other people in household or dependents living at home

58

 

27, 34, 83

 

Marital status

27

   

Others in household walk dog

  

24, 25, 26

 

Personal beliefs

Theory of Planned Behaviour constructs

26, 43

  

42

Lack of time

 

43, 57*

  
  1. For quantitative observational studies, bolded citation number = multivariable adjusted evidence or unbolded citation number = univariable evidence.