Table 1 Criteria for inclusion and exclusion
Papers meeting inclusion criteria |
|---|
a) Investigate determinants of fruit and/or vegetable intake, either as the primary focus or as one of more outcomes |
b) Identify fruit and vegetable consumption differentiated from other outcomes, either in a combined fruit and vegetable measure, as separate fruit and vegetable outcomes or as individual measures of specific fruits and vegetables |
c) Are based on populations within an identifiable age-range of 6 to 18 years |
d) Are population, community or school-based |
e) Are based on research with humans |
Papers to be excluded are |
a) Qualitative papers |
b) Papers reported in languages other than English |
c) Review papers |
d) Papers with methodological aims as the main purpose, for instance validation papers |
e) Evaluation papers from interventions |
f) Papers only describing prevalences, thus without analytical approach |
g) Papers with analytical designs in which fruit and vegetable consumption is not clearly considered to be an outcome, but rather a determinant or a correlate without any hypothetical causal association (e.g. papers on BMI/fatness, dieting/weight control, other health behaviours – e.g. physical activity, smoking, and alcohol drinking) |