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Table 1 Characteristics of participants by treatment condition

From: Long-term effects of the Mediterranean lifestyle program: a randomized clinical trial for postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes

 

Mean (SD) or Percent

 

Characteristic

Usual Care (N = 116)

MLP (N = 163)

Significance (p Value)

Age

60.7 (7.8)

61.1 (8.0)

.70

Weight (kg)

93.9 (23.8)

92.3 (21.2)

.55

Waist/hip ratio

0.9 (.08)

0.91 (.08)

.35

Body mass index (kg/m2)

35.6 (8.8)

35.1 (7.7)

.62

Age diagnosed with diabetes

52.5 (10.7)

53.0 (10.0)

.71

Years taking medications

5.0 (6.3)

4.9 (4.9)

.90

Years diagnosed with diabetes

8.5 (8.3)

8.2 (7.3)

.77

Current smoker (% yes)

10.3

8.7

.59

Income

  

.22

   % $0 to $ 9,999

14.9

5.8

 

   % $10,000 to $19,999

21.9

24.5

 

   % $20,000 to $29.999

17.5

23.9

 

   % $30,000 to $39,000

17.5

14.2

 

   % $40,000 to $49,000

10.5

11.0

 

   % $50,000 to $59,999

9.5

5.8

 

   % $60,000 to $69,999

0.9

5.2

 

   % $70,000 to $79,999

1.7

3.9

 

   % $80,000 or more

5.2

5.8

 

Type of glucose-lowering medication

  

.62

   % None

17.2

24.7

 

   % Oral medication only

61.2

54.9

 

   % Insulin only

12.1

7.4

 

   % Insulin and oral medication

9.5

13.0

 

Present living arrangement

  

.43

   % With spouse

49.1

51.5

 

   % With spouse and children

11.2

9.8

 

   % With children or others

9.4

14.7

 

   % Alone

30.2

23.9

 

Level of education achieved

  

.72

   % 0 to 11th grade

11.2

8.5

 

   % High school graduate

25.0

25.2

 

   % Some college

39.7

43.6

 

   % College/university graduate

24.1

22.7

 

   % Caucasian

94.8

92.0

.59

Medications

   

   % Taking lipid-lowering

40.5

38.9

.79

   % Taking blood pressure-lowering

47.4

46.3

.86

   % Taking estrogen replacement therapy

46.6

59.3

.04

Number of comorbidities

  

.27

   % With no other disease

4.3

4.9

 

   % With 1–2 other diseases

43.1

50.9

 

   % With ≥ 3 other diseases

52.6

44.2

 

Most prevalent comorbidities

   

   % Having CHD

15.0

14.0

.26

   % Having arthritis

50.9

56.4

.36

   % Having high blood pressure

72.4

70.6

.74

   % Having back problems

37.9

33.1

.41