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Table 1 Descriptive Statistics for Baseline and 4-Month Psychosocial Variables

From: Predicting short-term weight loss using four leading health behavior change theories

  

Baseline

4 months

    
 

N

M ± SD

M ± SD

t

 

95% CI

ES

Exercise

       

    TTM/SCT

       

   Cognitive processes of change

125

48.07 ± 9.15

52.85 ± 8.77

7.49

***

[6.04–3.51]

.53

   Behavioral processes of change

125

43.51 ± 10.22

51.94 ± 9.61

9.45

***

[10.19–6.66]

.85

   Self-efficacy (ESE)

126

38.38 ± 4.85

37.98 ± 5.59

-.91

 

[0.46–(-1.23)]

-.08

   Perceived barriers (EPB)

126

29.40 ± 6.22

27.04 ± 6.23

-5.26

***

[(-1.47)-(-3.24)]

-.38

   Social support (ESS)

127

29.22 ± 6.82

32.79 ± 7.97

5.39

***

[4.88–2.26]

.48

    TPB

       

   Intentions

126

12.22 ± 2.04

12.79 ± 1.31

3.04

**

[0.93–0.20]

.33

   Attitude

126

42.01 ± 4.28

42.81 ± 3.77

2.31

*

[1.49–0.12]

.19

   Subjective norms

126

18.81 ± 2.73

18.54 ± 2.66

-1.04

 

[0.22-(-0.77)]

-.09

   Perceived behavioral control

126

25.55 ± 4.56

26.71 ± 4.58

2.80

**

[1.97–0.34]

.25

    SDT

       

   Interest/Enjoyment (IMI)

125

14.79 ± 3.25

15.70 ± 2.68

4.06

***

[1.35–0.47]

.31

   Perceived competence (IMI)

125

12.53 ± 2.76

13.81 ± 2.53

7.60

***

[1.62–0.95]

.49

   Importance/Effort (IMI)

125

13.42 ± 2.85

14.93 ± 2.60

6.83

***

[1.95–1.07]

.55

   Pressure/Tension (IMI)

125

15.12 ± 2.63

15.72 ± 2.55

3.12

**

[0.98–0.22]

.23

   Exercise motivation (IMI)

125

55.65 ± 9.21

60.07 ± 8.33

7.41

***

[5.60–3.24]

.50

Weight Management

       

    TTM/SCT

       

   Cognitive processes of change

124

54.81 ± 12.99

57.91 ± 12.50

3.59

***

[4.83–1.39]

.24

   Behavioral processes of change

124

50.21 ± 9.46

56.87 ± 10.48

8.39

***

[8.22–5.08]

.67

   Self-efficacy (WEL)

125

117.94 ± 31.57

133.61 ± 27.09

6.28

***

[20.61–10.73]

.53

   Outcome expectancy (dream weight)

124

60.02 ± 6.31

60.35 ± 5.95

-2.13

 

[0.02-(-0.65)]

.05

    TPB

       

   Intentions

126

25.84 ± 2.69

25.78 ± 2.94

-.23

 

[0.49-(-0.61)]

-.02

   Attitude

126

29.78 ± 4.83

30.83 ± 4.24

2.47

**

[1.88–0.21]

.23

   Subjective norms

126

25.04 ± 3.80

24.89 ± 3.45

-.44

 

[0.50-(-0.79)]

-.04

   Perceived behavioral control

126

27.54 ± 4.26

28.51 ± 3.61

2.62

**

[1.70–0.24]

.25

  1. TTM/SCT – Transtheoretical Model and Social Cognitive Theory (as they share the self-efficacy construct they are presented together); TPB – Theory of Planned Behavior; SDT – Self Determination Theory; ESE – Exercise Self-Efficacy; EPB – Exercise Perceived Barriers; ESS – Exercise Social Support; IMI – Intrinsic Motivation Inventory; WEL – Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire.
  2. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; ES – Effect Size; 95% CI – 95% Confidence Interval for mean difference