Socioeconomic differences in lack of recreational walking among older adults: the role of neighbourhood and individual factors

Table 1 Sample characteristics (N = 1994; aged 55–75 years) by educational level^a, and univariate associations with no recreational walking (unadjusted).

	TOTAL		Educational level^a				Unadjusted ORs for no recreational walking^c
			1-low	2	3	4-high
	N^b	%^c	%^c	%^c	%^c	%^c
Total sample	1994	100
Recreational walking
Yes	1356	68.7	61.5	65.3	77.9	70.8
No	638	31.3	38.5	34.7	22.1	29.2
Education
1 Primary education	281	12.5	-	-	-	-	1.51 (1.09–2.09)
2 Lower secondary	908	43.7					1.29 (1.01–1.64)
3 Higher secondary	366	19.8					0.69 (0.50–0.94)
4 Tertiary education	439	24.1					1.00
Monthly net household income
Less than 1200 euro	294	13.8	37.4	15.6	6.2	4.5	1.33 (0.97–1.83)
1200–1800 euro	533	23.6	32.1	30.3	21.8	8.3	1.04 (0.79–1.38)
1800–2600 euro	503	25.1	11.5	26.2	32.5	24.1	0.93 (0.70–1.23)
More than 2600 euro	421	24.5	1.2	13.3	26.8	55.2	1.00
Don't want to say/don't know	243	13.0	17.7	14.7	12.7	7.9	1.57 (1.14–2.16)
Sex
Male	958	47.7	42.6	32.0	59.2	69.1	1.00
Female	1036	52.3	57.4	68.0	40.8	30.9	1.06 (0.87–1.28)
Age group
55–64	1053	63.5	52.5	64.4	67.4	64.2	1.00
65–74	941	36.5	47.5	35.6	32.6	35.8	0.87 (0.71–1.07)
Country of birth
Netherlands	1872	93.7	87.5	97.5	95.0	89.0	1.00
Other	106	6.3	12.5	2.5	5.0	11.0	0.88 (0.59–1.32)
Marital status
Married	1589	82.3	78.9	82.2	84.4	82.3	1.00
Unmarried/divorced/widowed	390	17.7	21.1	17.8	15.6	17.7	1.20 (0.94–1.53)
General health status
Excellent	93	5.3	4.1	6.1	4.2	5.5	1.00
Very good	314	18.6	8.2	15.4	23.4	26.0	1.06 (0.65–1.71)
Good	1133	57.0	55.1	58.9	57.1	54.4	1.18 (0.76–1.85)
Moderate	378	15.9	26.3	16.0	13.2	12.4	1.03 (0.63–1.69)
Poor	27	0.9	2.1	0.8	0.5	0.9	0.86 (0.28–2.62)
Missing	49	2.2	4.1	2.7	1.6	0.9	2.17 (1.04–4.52)

^aEducational level with 1 = primary education, 2 = lower secondary, 3 = higher secondary, and 4 = tertiary education.
^b The numbers (N) are unweighted, and reflect the actual numbers of participants in the dataset.
^c The percentages (%) and odds ratios (OR) are weighted and represent the prevalence rates as they existed in the population of Eindhoven by October 2004, which is the source population. The weight factors are calculated from the distribution of the characteristics in a random sample drawn from the municipal registry in Eindhoven, October 2004.

ISSN: 1479-5868