Table 3 Participation levels and determinants of participation in multi-component worksite health promotion programmes

Stein

2000

[31]

cohort

(adjusted data)

Benefit-eligible hospital employees

(n = 2421)

Health risk assessment with results converted

to dollar equivalents, plus a series of health

promotion activities on physical activity,

weight, nutrition, smoking, and stress management

for variable time periods.

29%

male gender

age 25–34

age 35–44

age 45–54

age 55+

white ethnicity

not at risk (body fat)

not at risk (cholesterol)

full-time employment

salary worker

0.38 [0.30–0.50]*

1.30 [1.03–1.62]*

1.43 [0.91–2.22]

1.79 [1.46–2.16]*

1.16 [1.13–1.17]*

1.28 [0.86–1.92]

PR = 0.42

PR = 0.69

1.79 [1.41–2.22]*

1.54 [1.27–1.89]*

Lerman

1996

[33]

cohort

Career army personnel and spouses

(n=not available)

A 4-day vacation programme with lectures,

workshops, and access to sport facilities.

not available

(n = 353)

male gender

age 30–39

age, 40+

married

intermediate education

higher education

non smoker

0.67*

1.66*

2.21*

4.14*

0.77

1.70*

4,81*

Lewis

1996

[12]

cohort

Employees of a petrochemical

R&D company

(n = 2290)

Health risk assessment, fitness centre, and

education classes on physical activity,

weight, nutrition, smoking, stress-management

and blood pressure during a period of 2 yrs.

wellness programme:

64% (n = 1471)

male gender

age, 31–50

age, 50+

higher education

white ethnicity

low fitness risk

low nutrition risk

low cholesterol risk

low obesity risk

low hypertension risk

0.34 [0.28–0.43]*

0.66 [0.51–0.85]*

0.57 [0.42–0.77]*

0.75 [0.59–0.96]*

0.97 [0.78–1.21]

1.45 [1.09–1.94]*

0.91 [0.56–1.50]

0.85 [0.66–1.09]

0.25 [0.15–0.43]*

0.41 [0.18–0.94]*

Sorensen

1996

[30]

cRCT

(adjusted data)

Random sample of employees of

intervention worksites in the

WellWorksTrial (n = 2767)

Cancer-prevention intervention with several

activities on individual and organizational

level on nutrition, smoking, occupational

safety for a 2-yr period.

nutrition programme:

49% (n = 1224)

male gender

white collar worker vs. crafts/labourers

0.45 [0.36–0.56]*

1.52 [1.23–1.89]*

Knight

1994

[32]

cohort

University employees with 2 yrs

of continuous employment

(n = 4972)

Health screens and lifestyle improvement

programmes on smoking cessation,

weight control, stress management,

nutrition education, fitness and

blood pressure.

63% (n = 3122)

male gender

age, 35–54

age, > 55

higher education

white ethnicity

0.48 [0.42–0.54]*

0.96 [0.85–1.08]

0.64 [0.52–0.79]*

1.22 [1.09–1.37]*

1.12 [0.99–1.25]

Henritze

1992

[29]

cohort

Food Company employees

(n = 1320)

Health screening followed by a variety

of programmes during a 8-wk period:

exercise equipment, and classes on

activity, nutrition, hypertension and

smoking.

52% (n = 692)

male gender

age (yrs, mean)

Caucasian ethnicity

married

shift work

0.57 [0.43–0.76]*

P: 42.6 all workers: 43.0

0.83 [0.60–1.15]

1.13 [0.87–1.48]

0.57 [0.45–0.73]*

Brill

1991

[28]

cohort

Teachers in schools

(n = 11830)

Health screen followed by 10-wk program

with exercise sessions and

health education classes.

33% (n = 3873)

male gender

age, 36–50

age 50+

higher education

white ethnicity

0.95 [0.86–1.04]

1.50 [1.37–1.64]*

1.34 [1.21–1.49]*

1.76 [1.56–2.00]*

2.04 [1.88–2.21]*