Table 2 Longitudinal random-effects regression predicting change in total dietary calories/Basal Energy Expenditure (BEE) for Filipino mothers versus offspring^a

Household member:

   Mother

Ref ^b

Ref

   Offspring

-0.22 (-0.31,-0.13)*** ^c

-0.13 (-0.26,0.004)^†

Independent variables:

   Maternal education:

Less than primary school graduate

Ref

Ref

Primary school graduate

0.07 (0.01,0.12)*

0.11 (0.05,0.17)***

Some high school

0.12 (0.06,0.18)***

0.14 (0.08,0.20)***

High school graduate or higher

0.22 (0.15,0.30)***

0.22 (0.15,0.30)***

   Household income, (per 100 pesos)

0.006 (-0.001,0.013)

0.008 (0.003,0.01)***

   Household assets, (score,1 to 11)

0.01 (-0.004,0.02)

0.01 (-0.001,0.03)^†

   Urbanicity, (score, 1 to 70)

0.006 (0.004,0.008)***

0.006 (0.003,0.008)***

   Time:

1994

Ref

Ref

1998

-0.001 (-0.10,0.09)

0.27 (0.13,0.40)***

2002

0.04 (-0.07,0.15)

0.04 (-0.10,0.19)

2005

-0.20 (-0.33,-0.07)**

0.01 (-0.14,0.17)

Offspring – independent variable interactions:

   Offspring*Primary school graduate

-0.04 (-0.11,0.03)

-0.06 (-0.14,0.02)

   Offspring*Some high school

0.01 (-0.06,0.08)

-0.004 (-0.08,0.07)

   Offspring*High school graduate or higher

-0.03 (-0.12,0.06)

-0.03 (-0.12,0.07)

   Offspring*Household income

-0.004 (-0.01,0.002)

-0.002 (-0.008,0.004)

   Offspring* Household assets

0.03 (0.01,0.04)***

0.01 (-0.001,0.03)^†

   Offspring*Urbanicity

0.003 (0.001,0.005)*

0.005 (0.001,0.008)**

Independent variable – time interactions:

   Offspring*1998

0.05 (-0.006,0.10)^†

0.16 (-0.02,0.34)^†

   Offspring*2002

0.24 (0.18,0.30)***

0.49 (0.31,0.68)***

   Offspring*2005

0.39 (0.33,0.46)***

0.92 (0.73,1.12)***

   Household income*1998

0.008 (-0.01,0.02)^†

   Household income*2002

-0.003 (-0.01,0.01)

   Household income*2005

-0.005 (-0.01,0.004)

   Household assets*1998

-0.006 (-0.02,0.01)

-0.002 (-0.02,0.01)

   Household assets*2002

-0.008 (-0.02,0.01)

-0.003 (-0.02,0.01)

   Household assets*2005

0.02 (0.01,0.05)*

-0.02 (-0.04,-0.01)**

   Urbanicity*1998

-0.003 (-0.005,-0.001)*

-0.005 (-0.01,-0.002)**

   Urbanicity*2002

-0.002 (-0.005,-0.001)*

-0.002 (-0.005,0.001)

   Urbanicity*2005

-0.002 (-0.005,0.000)^†

-0.001 (-0.005,0.002)

Triple interactions:

   Offspring*Urbanicity*1998

-0.002 (-0.006,0.002)

   Offspring*Urbanicity*2002

-0.005 (-0.009–0.001)*

   Offspring*Urbanicity*2005

-0.009 (-0.01,-0.004)***