Table 3 Factor loadings for the four factors selected by PCA, all loadings ≥ 0.4 are shown

There are sidewalks on most of the streets in my neighbourhood.

The sidewalks in my neighbourhood are well maintained and not obstructed.

Many shops are within walking distance of my home.

There are many places to go within easy walking distance of my home.

Places for cycling in and around my neighbourhood are well maintained and not obstructed.

There are facilities to cycle in or near my neighbourhood.

My neighbourhood has several free or low cost recreation facilities.

It is less than a 10–15 min walk to a transit stop from my home.

Main type of housing in the neighbourhood (House or Semi-detached house, 1–2 stories, 3–4 stories, 5 stories or higher).

There is so much traffic on the streets that it makes it difficult or unpleasant to ride a bicycle.

There is so much traffic on the streets that it makes it difficult or unpleasant to walk.

There are many four-way intersections in my neighbourhood.

There are many interesting things to look at while walking in my neighbourhood.

I see many people being physically active in my neighbourhood.

The crime rate in my neighbourhood makes it unsafe to go on walks during the day.

The crime rate in my neighbourhood makes it unsafe to go on walks at night.