From: Overestimation of physical activity level is associated with lower BMI: a cross-sectional analysis
 | ACTIVE (N = 134) | INACTIVE (N = 231) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participant characteristics | Realistic active (RA) | Under-estimator (UE) | P-value | Realistic inactive (RI) | Over-estimator (OE) | P-value |
N (%) | 52 (14.3) | 82 (22.5) | - | 125 (34.3) | 106 (29.0) | - |
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Gender (% male)a | 42.3 | 48.8 | 0.464 | 28.8 | 38.7 | 0.113 |
Age in years (mean, SD)b | 40.1 (5.5) | 38.9 (6.0) | 0.258 | 40.7 (6.1) | 42.0 (5.9) | 0.114 |
Age finished full time education (mean, SD)b | 17.7 (2.6) | 18.1 (3.3) | 0.479 | 18.5 (3.7) | 17.1 (2.5) | 0.002 |
Percent unemployed (%) b | 2.0 | 2.5 | 0.833 | 2.4 | 3.8 | 0.553 |
Partner's leisure activity over last year a | Â | Â | 0.231 | Â | Â | 0.012 |
   Some (%) | 50 | 38.6 |  | 34.7 | 53.6 |  |
   Not much (%) | 50 | 61.4 |  | 65.3 | 46.4 |  |
BIOLOGICAL | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Body fat% (mean, SD)b | 28.6 (7.7) | 32.3 (8.1) | 0.013 | 33.4 (7.7) | 29.1 (7.5) | < 0.001 |
Body Mass Index in kg/m2 (mean, SD)b | 26.3 (4.5) | 29.0 (4.9) | 0.002 | 28.9 (5.5) | 26.3 (4.4) | < 0.001 |
DayPAR (mean, SD) b | 2.4 (0.7) | 2.3 (0.6) | 0.200 | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.4) | 0.494 |
Predicted VO2max in L/min (mean, SD)b | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.4 (1.0) | 0.693 | 3.1 (0.9) | 3.0 (0.9) | 0.873 |
BEHAVIOURAL | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Smoking (% smokers) a | 30.8% | 29.3% | 0.853 | 9.6% | 17.9% | 0.068 |
Total units of alcohol/week (mean, SD)b | 8.4 (9.3) | 8.8 (9.6) | 0.781 | 6.0 (6.6) | 6.3 (8.6) | 0.702 |
Average percentage of time (per day) spent above 1.75 × resting HR (mean, SD)b | 14.5 (10.7) | 12.4 (9.0) | 0.229 | 1.1 (1.2) | 1.4 (1.2) | 0.097 |
PSYCHOLOGICAL | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Affective attitude (mean, SD)c | 4.0 (0.5) | 3.9 (0.7) | 0.284 | 3.9 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.6) | 0.543 |
Perceived behavioural control (mean, SD)c | 3.8 (0.5) | 4.0 (0.6) | 0.203 | 3.9 (0.6) | 3.7 (0.6) | 0.159 |
Instrumental attitude (mean, SD)c | 4.5 (0.5) | 4.6 (0.5) | 0.008 | 4.3 (0.4) | 4.4 (0.5) | 0.047 |
Subjective norm (mean, SD)c | 3.7 (0.6) | 4.1 (0.6) | < 0.001 | 3.7 (0.6) | 3.8 (0.5) | < 0.001 |
Intention (mean, SD)c | 3.8 (0.5) | 3.9 (0.7) | 0.296 | 3.7 (0.6) | 3.6 (0.6) | 0.067 |
SF-36 General health perception (mean, SD)c | 73.9 (14.5) | 64.6 (19.0) | 0.005 | 67.2 (18.7) | 74.2 (16.3) | 0.004 |