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Table 4 Multiple regression models for odds of spending ≤ 149 minutes and ≥ 150 minutes of cycling to and from work

From: Correlates of time spent walking and cycling to and from work: baseline results from the commuting and health in Cambridge study

 

Model A

Model B1

Model B2

 

1-149 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

> 150 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

1-149 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

> 150 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

1-149 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

> 150 mins cycling OR(95% CI) p

Individual and household characteristics

      

   Gender (reference: male)

      

   Female

0.52 (0.33-0.82) 0.009

0.44 (0.29-0.66) 0.001

0.52 (0.32-0.82) 0.006

0.44 (0.28-0.67) 0.001

0.51 (0.32-0.81) 0.005

0.44 (0.29-0.66) 0.001

   Highest educational qualification (reference: less than degree)

      

   Degree or higher

1.28 (0.80-2.04) 0.057

1.77 (1.15-2.72) 0.009

1.22 (0.75-1.97) 0.414

1.74 (1.10-2.75) 0.016

1.35 (0.83-2.20) 0.221

1.80 (1.15-2.80) 0.009

   Weight status (reference: normal weight)

      

   Overweight

0.55 (0.34-0.90) 0.019

0.57 (0.37-0.89) 0.014

0.57 (0.34-0.94) 0.028

0.59 (0.37-0.93) 0.026

0.54 (0.32-0.89) 0.018

0.57 (0.36-0.90) 0.018

   Obese

0.31 (0.14-0.70) 0.005

0.38 (0.19-0.76) 0.011

0.36 (0.16-0.81) 0.014

0.48 (0.23-1.00) 0.052

0.32 (0.14-0.73) 0.007

0.39 (0.19-0.81) 0.019

Limiting long term illness (reference: no)

Yes

1.11 (0.57-2.16) 0.752

0.42 (0.19-0.88) 0.022

1.27 (0.64-2.55) 0.485

0.53 (0.24-1.17) 0.122

1.11 (0.55-2.25) 0.756

0.44 (0.20-0.94) 0.036

Number of children (reference: none)

One or more

2.11 (1.34-3.32) 0.001

1.40 (0.93-2.14) 0.112

2.00 (1.25-3.18) 0.003

1.29 (0.83-2.02) 0.253

2.31 (1.45-3.70) 0.001

1.46 (0.95-2.26) 0.084

   Car access × Distance (reference: access to a car lives ≥ 5 km from work)

      

   Car, lives < 5 km from work

13.9 (8.33-23.19) 0.001

5.05 (3.07-8.30) 0.001

9.24 (5.38-15.88) 0.001

3.15 (1.85-5.38) 0.001

10.29 (6.07-17.4) 0.001

4.00 (2.41-6.65) 0.001

   No car, lives ≥ 5 km from work

1.19 (0.32-4.42) 0.789

3.28 (1.44-7.47) 0.005

0.73 (0.19-2.82) 0.655

1.99 (0.83-4.79) 0.122

1.06 (0.28-4.08) 0.922

2.93 (1.25-6.88) 0.013

   No car, lives < 5 km from work

4.41 (2.36-8.51) 0.001

2.50 (1.41-4.42) 0.002

2.34(1.18-4.64) 0.015

1.27 (0.67-2.41) 0.449

3.31 (2.88-6.31) 0.001

2.01 (1.12-3.62) 0.019

Psychological measures of car use

      

   Intention (ref: low intention)

      

   Mid intention score

-

-

n.i

n.i

-

-

   High intention score

      

   Attitude (ref: low attitude)

      

   Mid attitude score

-

-

0.73 (0.40-1.31) 0.301

1.29 (0.76-2.17) 0.335

-

-

   High attitude score

  

0.28 (0.16-0.49) 0.001

0.19 (0.11-0.33) 0.001

  

   PBC (ref: low PBC)

      

   Mid PBC score

-

-

n.i

n.i

-

-

   High PBC score

      

Social norm (ref: low social norm)

Mid social norm score

High social norm score

-

-

n.i

n.i

-

-

   Habit score (reference: low habits)

      

   High habit score

-

-

n.i

n.i

  

Perceptions of the route environment a

      

   The roads are dangerous for cyclists

-

-

-

-

n.i

n.i

   There are convenient routes for cycling

-

-

-

-

4.60(2.88-7.34) 0.001

3.14 (2.11-4.66) 0.001

   There is little traffic

-

-

-

-

n.i

n.i

   It is safe to cross the road

-

-

-

-

n.i

n.i

Urban-rural Status (reference = urban)

      

   Rural

-

-

-

-

n.i

n.i

  1. CI confidence intervals; p, p value; PBC Perceived behavioural control; - not entered into the model; n.i, not included in the model; a the reference category is strongly disagree, disagree or neither disagree nor agree