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Table 1 Demographics of sample and demographics by breastfeeding group

From: Do infants fed directly from the breast have improved appetite regulation and slower growth during early childhood compared with infants fed from a bottle?

Demographics

All Participants n = 109

DIRECT BF

n = 40

BTL-HM

n = 47

BTL-FORM

n = 22

Childs Age, mean (SD)

4.1 (1.0)

4.0 (1.0)

4.0 (1.0)

4.3 (1.1)

Weeks of Any Human Milk Use, mean (SD)*

37.9 (42.8)

73.2 (47.3)

25.3 (22.0)

0.1 (1.6)

Weeks of Exclusive Human Milk Use, mean (SD)*

12.6 (10.5)

22.0 (5.5)

10.3 (8.9)

0 (-)

Mom Overweight or Obese†, n (%)

46 (42.2%)

16 (40%)

17 (37.8%)

13 (61.9%)

Child Weight Status: Overweight or Obese†, n (%)

26 (23.8%)

8 (20.0%)

12 (29.3%)

7 (31.8%)

Child Gender

    

   Male, n (%)

53 (48.6%)

22 (55.0%)

19 (40.4%)

12 (54.5%)

   Female, n (%)

56 (51.4%)

18 (45.0%)

28 (59.6%)

10 (45.5%)

Mom Race Ethnicity

    

   White, non-Hispanic, n (%)

92 (84.4%)

37 (92.5%)

36 (76.6%)

19 (86.4%)

   Black, African American, n (%)

11 (10.1%)

1 (2.5%)

7 (14.9%)

3 (13.6%)

   Other, n (%)

6 (5.5%)

2 (5.0%)

4 (8.5%)

0 (0%)

Child Race Ethnicity

    

   White, non-Hispanic, n (%)

93(85.3%)

37 (92.5%)

37 (78.7%)

19 (86.4%)

   Black, African American, n (%)

9 (8.3%)

0 (0%)

6 (12.8%)

3 (13.6%)

   Other, n (%)

7 (6.4%)

3 (7.5%)

4 (8.5%)

0 (0%)

Parity

    

   Multiparous at Interview†, n (%)

93 (92.1%)

36 (94.7%)

38 (92.7%)

19 (86.4%)

   Primiparous at Child's Birth, n (%)

47 (43.5%)

18 (45.0%)

22 (47.8%)

7 (31.8%)

Household Income Level*

    

   Unknown, n (%)

5 (4.6%)

2 (5.2%)

3 (6.4%)

0 (0%)

   < $50,000, n (%)

3 (2.8%)

1 (2.6%)

2 (4.2%)

0 (0%)

   $50,000-$74,999, n (%)

10 (10.4%)

4 (10.5%)

3 (6.4%)

4 (18.2%)

   $75,000-$99,999, n (%)

22 (20.8%)

2 (5.3%)

14 (29.8%)

6 (27.3%)

   ≥$100,000, n (%)

69 (66%)

31 (81.6%)

25 (53.2%)

12 (54.5%)

Maternal Education Level

    

   High School diploma or less, n (%)

16 (14.7%)

2 (5%)

10 (21.7%)

4 (18.2%)

   College Graduate or Beyond, n (%)

93 (85.3%)

38 (95%)

37 (78.7%)

18 (81.8%)

  1. †Some missing participant data- percentages based on complete data only.
  2. *p ≤ 0.05
  3. **p ≤ 0.10
  4. Direct BF = direct breastfeeding group. BTL-HM = Bottle-fed Human Milk group. BTL-FORM = Bottle-fed Formula group.