Skip to main content

Table 7 Validity results of existing PAQs

From: A systematic review of reliability and objective criterion-related validity of physical activity questionnaires

Age Group

Reference

Criterion method

Duration of validation

PAQ

Variables tested

Criterion intensity thresholds

Validity results

       

Correlation coefficients

Agreement

Youth

Affuso (2011)[59]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3 days

SAPAC

Sedentary mins(Q) – sedentary mins(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Pearson r (95 % CI) = 0.18 (0.07;0.28), Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.14 (0.05;0.23)

–

Youth

Allor (2001)[60]

Acc (Caltrac)

2 days

PDPAR

EE(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.76 (P < 0.01)

MD = ~100 kcal/hr (P < 0.01)

  

HR

2 days

 

EE(Q) – EE(HR)

–

Pearson r = 0.50 (P < 0.01)

MD = ~100 kcal/hr

Youth

Corder (2009)[61]

DLW

11 days

YPAQ

12-13 yrs: PAEE(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.09 (P = 0.67)

MD (95 % LoA) = 0.59 ± 6.3 kJ/kg/day

     

16-17 yrs: PAEE(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.46 (P = 0.03)

MD (95 % LoA) = 0.32 ± 4.6 kJ/kg/day

  

Acc (ActiGraph)

11 days

 

12-13 yrs: MVPA(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.42 (P = 0.04)

MD (95 % LoA) = 2.01 ± 2.25 min/week

     

16-17 yrs: MVPA(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.11 (P = 0.61)

MD (95 % LoA) = 1.38 ± 2.97 min/week

  

DLW

11 days

CPAQ

PAEE(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.22 (P = 0.28)

MD (95 % LoA) = 0.76 ± 3.1 kJ/kg/day

  

Acc (ActiGraph)

11 days

 

MVPA(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.42 (P = 0.04)

MD (95 % LoA) = 1.63 ± 2.24 min/week

  

DLW

11 days

CHASE

Lifestyle score(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.45 (P = 0.02)

–

  

Acc (ActiGraph)

11 days

 

Lifestyle score(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.12 (P = 0.57)

–

  

DLW

11 days

SWAPAQ

PAEE(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.40 (P = 0.04)

MD (95 % LoA) = 0.46 ± 8.5 kJ/kg/day

  

Acc (ActiGraph)

11 days

 

MVPA(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.23 (P = 0.27)

MD (95 % LoA) = 1.03 ± 2.58 min/week

Youth

Eisenmann (2002)[62]

Acc (Caltrac)

1 day

GLTEQ

Total leisure activity score(Q) – counts/hr(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.50

–

Youth

Gwynn (2010)[63]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

MRPARQ

MVPA min/day(Q) – MVPA min/day(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Pearson r = 0.37 (P < 0.05), ICC = 0.25 (P < 0.05)

–

Youth

Hagströmer (2008)[56]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-A

Total MET-min/day(Q) – total counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.20 (P < 0.01)

–

Youth

Huang (2009)[64]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

CLASS

Boys: VPA min/week(Q) – VPA min/week(Acc)

≥6 METs

Spearman r = 0.29

MD (95 % LoA) = 12.6 ± 47.4 min/week

     

Girls: VPA min/week(Q) – VPA min/week(Acc)

≥6 METs

Spearman r = 0.43 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = 12.6 ± 47.4 min/week

     

Boys: MVPA min/week(Q) – MVPA min/week(Acc)

≥3 METs

Spearman r = 0.27

MD (95 % LoA) = −6.2 ± 95.3 min/week

     

Girls: MVPA min/week(Q) – MVPA min/week(Acc)

≥3 METs

Spearman r = 0.48 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = −6.2 ± 95.3 min/week

     

Boys: MPA min/week(Q) – MPA min/week(Acc)

3-5.9 METs

Spearman r = 0.33

MD (95 % LoA) = −18.9 ± 70.4 min/week

     

Girls: MPA min/week(Q) – MPA min/week(Acc)

3-5.9 METs

Spearman r = 0.29 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = −18.9 ± 70.4 min/week

     

Boys: sedentary min/week(Q) – sedentary min/week(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.06

–

     

Girls: sedentary min/week(Q) – sedentary min/week(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.25 (P < 0.05)

–

Youth

Kowalski (1997)[65]

Acc (Caltrac)

7 days

PAQ-C

PAQ-C score(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.39 (P < 0.05)

–

Youth

Martinez-Gomez (2010)[66]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3 days

BAD

Total MET-min/day(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.29

–

     

Total MET-min/day(Q) – total counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.33

–

Youth

Martinez-Gomez (2011)[67]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

PAQ-A

PAQ-A score(Q) – total counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.39 (P < 0.001)

–

     

PAQ-A score(Q) – MVPA mins(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.31 (P < 0.001)

–

Youth

Mota (2002)[68]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3 days

WAC

METs/15 min(Q) – counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.30 (P = 0.01)

–

Youth

Ottevaere (2011)[57]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-A

VPA min/day(Q) – VPA min/day(Acc)

≥4000 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.25 (P < 0.01)

MD (95 % LoA) = 13.2 ± 78.2 min/day

     

MVPA min/day(Q) – MVPA min/day(Acc)

≥2000 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.21 (P < 0.01)

–

     

MPA min/day(Q) – MPA min/day(Acc)

2000-3999 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.15 (P < 0.01)

MD (95 % LoA) = 31.6 ± 105.6 min/day

Youth

Rangul (2008)[69]

Acc (ActiReg)

7 days

HBSC

Frequency(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.20

–

     

Frequency(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.02

–

     

Duration(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.23

–

     

Duration(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.01

–

    

IPAQ-s

VPA min/day(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.14

–

     

VPA min/day(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.08

–

     

MPA min/day(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.01

–

     

MPA min/day(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.01

–

     

Walking min/day(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.24

–

     

Walking min/day(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.43 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Sitting min/day(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.04

–

     

Sitting min/day(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.29

–

Youth

Scerpella (2002)[70]

Acc (Caltrac)

2x 3 days

GSQ

Godin-Shephard score(Q) – Caltrac score(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.102 (P = 0.422)

–

Youth

Slinde (2003)[71]

DLW

14 days

MLTPAQ

TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.49 (P < 0.01)

–

    

eMLTPAQ

TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.65 (P < 0.01)

MD (95 % LoA) = 2.8 ± 2.8 MJ/day

     

Sedentary min/day(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.030 (P = 0.86)

–

Youth

Treuth (2004)[72]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3 days

GAQ

Baseline: yesterday GAQ score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.06 (P = 0.42)

–

     

Follow-up: yesterday GAQ score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.08 (P = 0.28)

–

     

Baseline: usual GAQ score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.12 (P = 0.10)

–

     

Follow-up: usual GAQ score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.07 (P = 0.36)

–

Youth

Troped (2007)[73]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

YRBS

Total VPA min/day(Q) – total VPA min/day(Acc)

>6 METs

Sensitivity = 0.86, specificity: 0.26

κ = −0.002 – 0.06

     

Total MPA min/day(Q) – total MPA min/day(Acc)

3-6 METs

Sensitivity = 0.23, specificity: 0.92

κ = −0.05 – 0.03

Youth

Weston (1997)[74]

Acc (Caltrac)

1 day (after school)

PDPAR

TEE(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.77 (P < 0.01)

–

  

HR (Polar)

1 day (after school)

 

EE(Q) – %HRR(HR)

–

Pearson r = 0.53 (P < 0.01)

–

Adults

Ainsworth (1999)[87]

Acc (Caltrac)

7 days

TOQ

MPA MET-min/week(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.34 (P < 0.05)

–

    

7DR-O

7DR scores(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Low correlations (P > 0.05)

–

Adults

Bassett (2000)[101]

Ped (Yamax)

7 days

CAQ

Men: distance(Q) – distance(Ped)

–

r = 0.346 (P = 0.02)

–

     

Women: distance(Q) – distance(Ped)

–

r = 0.481 (P = 0.001)

–

Adults

Brown (2008)[88]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

AAS

Frequency/week(Q) – frequency(Acc)

≥3 METs, ≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.48 (P = 0.001)

–

     

Total min/week(Q) – MVPA(Acc)

≥3 METs, ≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.52 (P < 0.001)

–

     

Total min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.23 (P = 0.14)

–

Adults

Bull (2009)[58]

Acc (MTI)

> 7 days

GPAQ

China: VPA(Q) – mean VPA counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.23 (P < 0.05)

–

     

South Africa: VPA(Q) – mean VPA counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.26 (P < 0.05)

–

     

China: MPA(Q) – mean MPA counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.23 (P < 0.05)

–

     

South Africa: MPA(Q) – mean MPA counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.03

–

     

China: sedentary min/day(Q) – mean sedentary counts/day(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.40 (P < 0.05)

–

     

South Africa: sedentary min/day(Q) – mean sedentary counts/day(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = −0.02

–

Adults

Conway (2002)[94]

DLW

14 days

7DPAR

TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

R2 = 0.10

MD (±SEM) = 0.91 ± 0.42 (7.9 ± 3.2 %) MJ/day

    

S7DR

TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

R2 = 0.14

MD (±SEM) = 4.14 ± 1.36 (30.6 ± 9.9 %) MJ/day

Adults

Cust (2008)[102]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3x 7 days

EPAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.21 (0.07;0.35), P < 0.01

–

     

Total PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.29 (0.15;0.42), P < 0.0001

–

     

Cambridge PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.32 (0.19;0.45), P < 0.0001

–

Adults

Cust (2009)[103]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3x 7 days

EPAQ

High confidence: total PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.37 (0.17;0.54)

–

     

Low confidence: total PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.22 (0.02;0.41)

–

     

High confidence: Cambridge PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.30 (0.10;0.48)

–

     

Low confidence: Cambridge PA index(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.35 (0.15;0.52)

–

    

IPAQ-s

High confidence: total MET-hr/week(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.26 (0.04;0.45)

–

     

Low confidence: total MET-hr/week(Q) – total MET-hr/week(Acc)

≥574 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.27 (0.07;0.46)

–

     

High confidence: sitting hr/day(Q) – sedentary(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.36 (0.18;0.52)

–

     

Low confidence: sitting hr/day(Q) – sedentary(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.45 (0.25;0.62)

–

Adults

Duncan (2001)[104]

HR (Polar)

1 weekday

7DPAR

Very hard activity(Q) – very hard activity(HR)

≥ 85 % HRR

–

MD = 0.00 hours

     

Hard activity(Q) – hard activity(HR)

60-84 % HRR

–

MD = 0.02 hours

     

Moderate activity(Q) – moderate activity(HR)

45-59 % HRR

–

MD = 0.21 hours

Adults

Ekelund (2006)[95]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-s

Total MET-min/day(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.34 (P < 0.001)

MD (95 % CI) = −25.9 (−172;120) min/day, P < 0.001

     

Sitting(Q) – sedentary min/day(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Pearson r = 0.16 (P < 0.05)

–

Adults

Gauthier (2009)[105]

Ped (Yamax)

7 days

IPAQ-SALVCF

Walking(Q) – step counts(Ped)

–

Pearson r = 0.493 (P < 0.005)

–

Adults

Hagströmer (2006)[106]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.55 (P < 0.001)

MD (95 % LoA) = 1.0 ± 16.7 hr/week

     

Sitting hr/week(Q) – inactivity hr/week(Acc)

<101 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.17

–

Adults

Hagströmer (2010)[107]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ

Total min/day(Q) – total min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.28 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Total MET-min/day(Q) – total counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.30 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Sitting min/day(Q) – sitting min/day(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.23 (P < 0.01)

MD (±SD) = 130  ±  207 min/day, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.50

Adults

Hallal (2010)[108]

Acc (ActiGraph)

4 days

IPAQ

Total score(Q) – total score(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.22

–

Adults

InterAct Consortium (2011)[51]

Acc + HR (Actiheart)

≥ 4 days

EPAQ-s

Total PA index(Q) – PAEE(Acc + HR)

–

Pearson r (95 % CI) = 0.14 (0.04;0.24), P = 0.000

–

     

Cambridge index(Q) – PAEE(Acc + HR)

–

Pearson r (95 % CI) = 0.33 (0.28;0.38), P = 0.118

–

     

Recreational index(Q) – PAEE(Acc + HR)

–

Pearson r (95 % CI) = 0.22 (0.16;0.28), P = 0.042

–

Adults

Jacobi (2009)[109]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

MAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.18 (P < 0.05)

–

     

Sedentary hr/week(Q) – sedentary hr/week(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.14 (P < 0.1)

–

Adults

Kurtze (2008)[54]

Acc (ActiReg)

7 days

IPAQ-s

Total MET-min/week(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.26 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = −433 ± 2038 min/week

     

Total MET-min/week(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.29 (P < 0.05)

–

     

Sitting hr/day(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.25 (P < 0.05)

–

     

Sitting hr/day(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.35 (P < 0.01)

–

Adults

Lee (2011)[98]

Acc (ActiGraph)

4 days

IPAQ-s

Total MET-min/week(Q) – total MET-min/week(Acc)

–

Spearman r (±SE) = 0.11 ± 0.03, P < 0.001

MD (±SE) = 2966.3 ± 140.1 MET-min/week, P < 0.001

     

Total MET-min/week(Q) – total counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r (±SE) = 0.16 ± 0.03, P < 0.001

–

Adults

MacFarlane (2007)[99]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-s

Total min/week(Q) – total MVPA min/week(Acc)

≥1952 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.09 (P = 0.52)

R2 = 0.78, slope = 1.59 (P < 0.01); %bias = −102, %LoA = 176

Adults

MacFarlane (2010)[110]

Acc (ActiTrainer)

7 days

IPAQ-LC

Total MET-min/day(Q) – total MET-min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.35 (P = 0.001)

MD (95 % LoA) = −21.6 ± 575.5 MET-min/day, P = 0.643

Adults

Mahabir (2006)[89]

DLW

–

HAQ

EE(Q) – EE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.36 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = 1782.5 ± 2237.4 kcal/day

    

FCPQ

EE(Q) – EE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.47 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % LoA) = 732.8 ± 2126.7 kcal/day

    

CAPS-4WR

EE(Q) – EE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.16

MD (95 % LoA) = 1765.8 ± 8973.7 kcal/day

    

CAPS-TWR

EE(Q) – EE(DLW)

–

Spearman r = 0.15

MD (95 % LoA) = −413.4 ± 2958.6 kcal/day

Adults

Matton (2007)[111]

Acc (RT3)

7 days

FPACQ

Employed/unemployed men: total EE(Q) – total EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.80 (P < 0.001)

t-test = 9.02 (P < 0.001)

     

Employed/unemployed women: total EE(Q) – total EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.65 (P < 0.001)

t-test = 10.18 (P < 0.001)

     

Retired men: total EE(Q) – total EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.55 (P < 0.01)

t-test = 11.48 (P < 0.001)

     

Retired women: total EE(Q) – total EE(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.85 (P < 0.001)

t-test = 10.79 (P < 0.001)

     

Employed/unemployed men: PAL(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.56 (P < 0.01)

t-test = 9.87 (P < 0.001)

     

Employed/unemployed women: PAL(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.44 (P < 0.05)

t-test = 11.68 (P < 0.001)

     

Retired men: PAL(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.39 (P < 0.05)

t-test = 11.91 (P < 0.001)

     

Retired women: PAL(Q) – PAL(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.50 (P < 0.05)

t-test = 13.93 (P < 0.001)

     

Employed/unemployed men: TV hr/week(Q) – TV hr/week(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.69 (P < 0.001)

t-test = −0.75

     

Employed/unemployed women: TV hr/week(Q) – TV hr/week(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.83 (P < 0.001)

t-test = −3.32 (P < 0.01)

     

Retired men: TV hr/week(Q) – TV hr/week(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.78 (P < 0.001)

t-test = −3.98 (P < 0.001)

     

Retired women: TV hr/week(Q) – TV hr/week(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.80 (P < 0.001)

t-test = −2.41 (P < 0.05)

Adults

Nang (2011)[55]

Acc (Actical)

5 days

IPAQ

VPA(Q) – VPA(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.18 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % CI) = 139 (82;196) kcal/day

     

MPA(Q) – MPA(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.13

MD (95 % CI) = −169 (−236;-90) kcal/day

    

SP2PAQ

VPA(Q) – VPA(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.42 (P < 0.0001)

MD (95 % CI) = 81 (47;116) kcal/day

     

MPA(Q) – MPA(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.24 (P < 0.05)

MD (95 % CI) = −196 (−295;-97) kcal/day

Adults

Nicaise (2011)[90]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ

VPA(Q) – VPA(Acc)

≥5725 counts/min

Pearson r = −0.01

–

     

MPA(Q) – MPA(Acc)

1952-5724 counts/min

Pearson r = 0.08

–

     

Walking(Q) – steps(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.07

–

     

Weekday: sitting(Q) – light PA(Acc)

≤1951 counts/min

Pearson r = −0.17

–

     

Weekend: sitting(Q) – light PA(Acc)

≤1951 counts/min

Pearson r = −0.08

–

Adults

Pettee-Gabriel (2009)[91]

Acc (ActiGraph)

≥ 4 days

PMMAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.60 (P < 0.0001)

–

     

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – mean counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.59 (P < 0.0001)

–

    

PWMAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.60 (P < 0.0001)

–

     

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – mean counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.56 (P < 0.0001)

–

    

NHS-PAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.46 (P < 0.001)

–

     

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – mean counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.42 (P < 0.001)

–

    

AAS

Total min/day(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.46 (P < 0.001)

–

     

Total min/day(Q) – mean counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.50 (P < 0.0001)

–

    

WHI-PAQ

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – total counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.47 (P < 0.001)

–

     

Total MET-hr/week(Q) – mean counts/min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.45 (P < 0.001)

–

Adults

Philippaerts (1999)[96]

DLW

14 days

BAQ

Total activity index(Q) – ADMR(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.68 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Total activity index(Q) – PAL(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.69 (P < 0.001)

–

    

FCPQ

7 day index(Q) – ADMR(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.61 (P < 0.01)

–

     

7 day index(Q) – PAL(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.34

–

    

TCQ

TEE(Q) – ADMR(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.63 (P < 0.01)

–

     

TEE(Q) – PAL(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.64 (P < 0.01)

–

Adults

Philippaerts (2001)[97]

Acc (Tracmor)

4 days

BAQ

Total activity index(Q) – mean counts(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.47 (P < 0.001)

–

    

TCQ

TEE(Q) – mean counts(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.22

–

Adults

Richardson (2001)[100]

Acc (Caltrac)

14x 2 days

S7DR

Men, visit 10: total MET-min/day(Q) – total MET-min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.54 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Men, visit 11: total MET-min/day(Q) – total MET-min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.45 (P < 0.05)

–

     

Women, visit 10: total MET-min/day(Q) – total MET-min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.20

–

     

Women, visit 11: total MET-min/day(Q) – total MET-min/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.06

–

Adults

Saglam (2010)[112]

Acc (Caltrac)

4 days

IPAQ

Total MET-min/week(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.29 (0.05;0.47), P = 0.009

–

    

IPAQ-s

Total MET-min/week(Q) – TEE(Acc)

–

Spearman r (95 % CI) = 0.30 (0.07;0.49), P = 0.008

–

Adults

Schmidt (2006)[92]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

KPAS-mod

Total activity score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.52

–

     

Weighted activity score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.59

–

Adults

Smitherman (2009)[113]

Acc (ActiGraph)

1 day

JPAC

JPAC total score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.24 (P < 0.0001)

–

Adults

Staten (2001)[93]

DLW

8 days

AAFQ

TEE-ic(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.40 (P < 0.001)

MD = 1935 kJ/day

     

TEE-mif(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.45 (P < 0.001)

MD = 697 kJ/day

     

TEE-met(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.58 (P < 0.001)

MD = 3595 kJ/day

Adults

Strath (2004)[114]

Acc + HR (ActiGraph + Polar)

7 days

CAQ-PAI

MET-min/week(Q) – MET-min/week(Acc + HR)

–

Spearman r = 0.35

–

Adults

Trinh (2009)[115]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

GPAQ

Dry season: GPAQ total score(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.33

MD (95 % LoA) = 2.6 (0.03;224)

     

Wet season: GPAQ total score(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.19

MD (95 % LoA) = 2.6 (0.03;224)

     

Dry season: sedentary time(Q) – sedentary time(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.22

–

     

Wet season: sedentary time(Q) – sedentary time(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.31

–

Adults

Washburn (2003)[116]

DLW

14 days

S7DR

TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.58 (P < 0.01)

MD (95 % LoA) = −96 ± 4161 kJ/day

     

PAEE(Q) – PAEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.12

MD (95 % LoA) = −222 ± 4144 kJ/day

Adults

Wolin (2008)[117]

Acc (Actical)

6 days

IPAQ-s

1-min bout: MET-min/week(Q) – counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.36 (P < 0.001)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.21 (−0.04;0.47)

     

10-min bout: MET-min/week(Q) – counts/day(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.26 (P = 0.002)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.04 (0.01;0.06)

Elderly

Bonnefoy (2001)[75]

DLW

14 days

MLTPAQ

Total activity(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.23, Spearman r = 0.17

–

    

YPAS

Summary index(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.11, Spearman r = 0.10

–

    

BAQ-mod

Questionnaire score(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.21, Spearman r = 0.28

–

    

CAQ

Total activity(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.39, Spearman r = 0.37

–

    

7DR

Total activity(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.37, Spearman r = 0.51 (P < 0.05)

–

    

DQ-mod

Total score(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.21, Spearman r = 0.34

–

    

LRC

Enhanced LRC score(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.33, Spearman r = 0.29

–

    

SUA

MPA(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.65 (P < 0.05), Spearman r = 0.46

–

     

VPA(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.63 (P < 0.05), Spearman r = 0.64 (P < 0.05)

–

    

PASE

Total score(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.28, Spearman r = 0.23

–

    

QAPSE

Mean habitual DEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

Pearson r = 0.32, Spearman r = 0.25

–

Elderly

De Abajo (2001)[76]

Acc (Caltrac)

3 days

YPAS

Total hr/week(Q) – activity units/day(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.20 (P = 0.049)

–

     

TEE(Q) – activity units/day(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.23 (P = 0.022)

–

     

YPAS summary index(Q) – activity units/day(Acc)

–

Pearson r = 0.24 (P = 0.018)

–

     

Sitting(Q) – activity units/day(Acc)

–

Pearson r = −0.06 (P = 0.54)

–

Elderly

Dinger (2004)[77]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

PASE

Total PASE score(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.43 (P = 0.001)

–

Elderly

Dubbert (2004)[78]

Acc (Tritrac R3D)

3 days

7DPAR

TEE(Q) – counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.49 (P < 0.01)

–

Elderly

Giles (2009)[79]

Ped (Yamax)

7 days

CHAMPS-MMSCV

Volume T1: walking(Q) – step counts(Ped)

–

Spearman r = 0.40 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Frequency T1: walking(Q) – step counts(Ped)

–

Spearman r = 0.57 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Volume T2: walking(Q) – step counts(Ped)

–

Spearman r = 0.53 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Frequency T2: walking(Q) – step counts(Ped)

–

Spearman r = 0.60 (P < 0.01)

–

Elderly

Hagiwara (2008)[80]

Acc (Kenz Lifecorder)

3 days

PASE

Total PASE score(Q) – EE(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.16 (P = 0.02)

–

     

Total PASE score(Q) – walking steps(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.17 (P = 0.01)

–

Elderly

Harada (2001)[81]

ML (Mini-Mitter)

7 days

CHAMPS

EE(Q) – ankle counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.36 (P < 0.01)

–

     

EE(Q) – waist counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.42 (P < 0.001)

–

    

PASE

Total PASE score(Q) – ankle counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.59 (P < 0.001)

–

     

Total PASE score(Q) – waist counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.52 (P < 0.001)

–

    

YPAS

EE(Q) – ankle counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.46 (P < 0.001)

–

     

EE(Q) – waist counts(ML)

–

Pearson r = 0.61 (P < 0.001)

–

Elderly

Hurtig-Wennlöf (2010)[82]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-E

Walking + MPA min/day(Q) – mean counts/min(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.347 (P < 0.01)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.448 (0.18;0.72), P < 0.001

     

VPA min/day(Q) – VPA counts/min(Acc)

>4944 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.369 (P < 0.01)

–

     

MPA min/day(Q) – MPA counts/min(Acc)

760-4944 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.396 (P < 0.01)

–

     

Sitting min/day(Q) – sitting counts/min(Acc)

<100 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.277 (P < 0.05)

–

Elderly

Kolbe-Alexander (2006)[83]

Acc (ActiGraph)

7 days

IPAQ-s

Men: vigorous MET-min/week(Q) – high counts(Acc)

≥5725 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.43 (P = 0.05)

–

     

Women: vigorous MET-min/week(Q) – high counts(Acc)

≥5725 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.05

–

     

Men: moderate MET-min/week(Q) – moderate min(Acc)

1952-5724 counts/min

Spearman r = 0.31 (P = 0.004)

–

     

Women: moderate MET-min/week(Q) – moderate min(Acc)

1952-5724 counts/min

Spearman r = −0.09

–

     

Men: walking MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.57 (P = 0.00007)

–

     

Women: walking MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.42 (P = 0.006)

–

     

Men: sitting MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.40 (P = 0.001)

–

     

Women: sitting MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = −0.35 (P = 0.005)

–

    

YPAS

Men: total MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.54 (P = 0.0002)

–

     

Women: total MET-min/week(Q) – total counts(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.13

–

Elderly

Starling (1999)[84]

DLW

10 day

MLTPAQ

Men: TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

–

MD (95 % LoA) = 752 ± 972 kcal/day

     

Women: TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

–

MD (95 % LoA) = 487 ± 698 kcal/day

    

YPAS

Men: TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

–

MD (95 % LoA) = 104 ± 1414 kcal/day

     

Women: TEE(Q) – TEE(DLW)

–

–

MD (95 % LoA) = 9 ± 972 kcal/day

Elderly

Tomioka (2011)[85]

Acc (Kenz Lifecorder)

2 weeks

IPAQ-s

Young old men: MET-min/week(Q) – MET-min/week(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.42 (P < 0.01)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.49 (0.34;0.64)

     

Young old women: MET-min/week(Q) – MET-min/week(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.49 (P < 0.01)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.39 (0.22;0.56)

     

Old old men: MET-min/week(Q) – MET-min/week(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.53 (P < 0.01)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.46 (0.29;0.63)

     

Old old women: MET-min/week(Q) – MET-min/week(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.49 (P < 0.01)

κ (95 % CI) = 0.47 (0.28;0.66)

Elderly

Washburn (1999)[86]

Acc (ActiGraph)

3 days

PASE

Total PASE score(Q) – mean counts/5 min epoch(Acc)

–

Spearman r = 0.49 (P < 0.05)

–

       

Median Spearman r = 0.30 (youth: 0.25, adults: 0.30, elderly: 0.40)

 
       

Median Pearson r = 0.39 (youth: 0.38, adults: 0.46, elderly: 0.345)

 
  1. Q1 = first completed questionnaire, Q2 = second completed questionnaire, Q3 = third completed questionnaire, r = correlation coefficient (rho), CI = Confidence Interval (lower;upper), κ = kappa (i.e. Cohen weighted kappa unless specified otherwise), LoA = Limits of Agreement, MD = Mean Difference, – = not stated.
  2. Acc = Accelerometry [NB: ActiGraph (Model 7164) is successor of preceding accelerometer by MTI, formerly CSA]. Accelerometer names as used in the respective papers.
  3. Affuso (2011): Sedentary mins = total minutes TV/video watching, computer/internet use, talking on phone, playing video/computer games.
  4. Ainsworth (1999): MPA MET-min/week = energy expended in moderate-intensity occupational standing activities. 7DR-scores = scores of occupational activity only. EE = Energy Expenditure in kcal/day. All other associations between the TOQ and Caltrac scores were low and non significant.
  5. Allor (2001): HR monitor brand not specified. EE = Energy Expenditure in kcal/hr.
  6. Bonnefoy (2001): MLTPAQ total activity = light, moderate, heavy, household activity. YPAS summary index = sum of vigorous, walking, moving, standing, sitting scores. BAQ-mod questionnaire score = sum of household, sports, leisure activity scores. CAQ total activity = sum of walking, stairs, sports. 7DR total activity = weighted sum of sleep, light, moderate, hard, very hard activity. Dallosso-mod total score = weighted sum of walking standing, productive, leisure, muscle-loading activity. Enhanced LRC score = self report of usual activity. SUA MPA = six habitual moderate activities. SUA VPA = five habitual vigorous activites. PASE total score = activity weight*frequency across work-related leisure, household activities. QAPSE mean habitual DEE = activity weight*duration as daily energy expenditure.
  7. Brown (2008): Frequency/week = frequency of total activity per week. Total min/week = minutes per week of total activity ≥3 METs. Total counts = all accelerometer recorded minutes.
  8. Bull (2009): VPA/MPA = total vigorous/moderate intensity activity across all domains. Sedentary min/day = time spent sitting per day in minutes. Data categorized for studies in China (n = 215) and South Africa (n = 83).
  9. Conway (2002): R2 = regression against PAR; explained variance is 10 % for 7DPAR and 14 % for S7DR. MD = mean differences ± SEM (percentages in parentheses) between each method and EE(DLW).
  10. Cust (2008): Total MET-hr/week = total MET hours per week of non-occupational activity. Total PA index = cross-tabulation of level of occupational activity with combined recreational and household activities - inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, active. Cambridge PA index = index based on occupational, cycling and sports activity (generally more intense activities).
  11. Cust (2009): Results are stratified according to the group of participants reporting high or low confidence in recall of PA. High confidence = group of participants reporting high self-reported confidence in recall of physical activity. Low confidence = group of participants reporting low self-reported confidence in recall of physical activity. Remarkably, the correlation for the Cambridge index is slightly higher compared to the total PA index (MET-hrs) comparing accelerometry with the EPAQ. Total MET-hr/week(Acc) = total physical activity in MET-hr/week, calculated as light + moderate + vigorous activity (no sedentary time). Data are averages of three 7-day accelerometer periods.
  12. De Abajo (2001): Total hr/week = total activity time. Activity units = kilocalorie score divided by resting metabolic rate. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in kJ/day. YPAS summary index = summed time for each activity, expressed in hours per week for each subject. Individual indices were created by multiplying a frequency score by a duration score and multiplying again by a weighting factor.
  13. Dinger (2004): Total PASE score = weighted and summed score of individual items using the PASE scoring algorithm.
  14. Duncan (2001): HRR = each subject's individual heart rate reserve (individual maximal MET capacity), where HRmax was determined from the graded exercise test and HRrest from the average of three measures after a 10-min seated test. Mean difference = 0.21, i.e. 0.21 hours overreported in PAR.
  15. Eisenmann (2002): Total leisure activity score was calculated by multiplying the frequency of each category by the MET value and summing the score.
  16. Ekelund (2005): MD = mean difference between objectively measured accelerometry time in MVPA and self-reported time in MVPA and walking.
  17. Giles (2009): Volume T1/T2 = walking MET-min per week at first/second administration (T1/T2) of the CHAMPS. Frequency T1/T2 = walking sessions per week at first/second administration (T1/T2) of the CHAMPS.
  18. Hagiwara (2008): PASE score was calculated by adding the score for each component determined on the basis of the time spent on each activity or the presence or absence of activity over the past 7 days. EE = Energy Expenditure divided by bodyweight in kcal/day/wt. Walking steps = daily number of walking steps measured by the Lifecorder accelerometer.
  19. Hagströmer (2008): Data shown is data from the average intensity measured by the accelerometer.
  20. Hagströmer (2006): Bland-Altman results from analysis for time spent in at least moderate physical activity (hr/week) as assessed by the IPAQ and measured using an activity monitor.
  21. Hallal (2010): Total score(Q) = sum of minutes spent on MPA (including walking) per week, and twice the number of minutes spent on VPA, calculated from the IPAQ data. Total score(Acc) = accelerometer-based total score: moderate + vigorous-intensity counts.
  22. Harada (2001): MiniLogger measures activity by counting the number of mercure switch closures, resulting in a 'count' of activity, over a predetermined time interval. EE = Energy Expenditure in kcal/week. Total PASE score = total score computed by 1) multiplying an activity frequency value from a conversion of hours per day in six categories of activity (e.g., moderate sports) by the respective weight and summing over these activities and 2) adding a weight to this summated score for each six other household activities if the activity was reported over the past 7 days.
  23. Huang (2009): Results from Bland-Altman analysis are combined results for boys and girls (no results for sedentary time). Cut points used are Freedson age-based cut point, calculated as METs = 2.757 + (0.0015*counts per minute) - (0.0896*age[yr]) - (0.000038*counts per minute*age[yr]).
  24. Hurtig-Wennlöf (2010): Agreement (κ) = Cohen's kappa for testing total agreement between the IPAQ-E and accelerometry.
  25. InterAct Consortium (2011): Total PA index = cross-tabulation of level of occupational activity with combined recreational and household activities (MET-hr/week) - inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, active. Cambridge index = index based on occupational, cycling and sports activity (h/week). Recreational index = index based on quartiles of the sum of walking, cycling, and sports (MET-hr/week). Fisher-transformed correlations were estimated for each country, and random effect meta-analysis methods were used to calculate the overall combined correlation of PAEE (kJ/kg/day) measured by the combined HR and movement sensor with the three PA indices from the EPAQ-s.
  26. Jacobi (2009): Sedentary time = time spent watching TV/video or playing video games and time spent using a computer.
  27. Kolbe-Alexander (2006): High counts = counts in high-intensity physical activity. Moderate min = time spent in moderate-intensity activity. Total counts = total counts for physical activity. Sitting = time spent sitting during a weekend day.
  28. Kowalski (1997): PAQ-C score = calculated as the mean of the nine items, ranging from 1 to 5. Total counts = total counts measured by the Caltrac that reflect vertical acceleration of the body.
  29. Kurtze (2008): EE = Energy Expenditure in MJ/day. PAL = average Physical Activity Level in 7 days, calculated as total EE divided by basal metabolic rate (BMR). Results from Bland-Altman analysis are combined results for total moderate, vigorous and walking activity.
  30. MacFarlane (2007): Total MVPA min/week(Q) = total weighted minutes, calculated as moderate + (2*vigorous). R2, slope = result from regression analysis between the Bland-Altman differences and averages. %Bias, LoA = bias and limits of agreement expressed as percentage of the mean score.
  31. Mahabir (2006): Duration of validation not stated, likely to be 14 days. EE = Energy Expenditure in kcal/day.
  32. Martinez-Gomez (2010): Correlation coefficient = correlation between the two instruments for the 3 day mean.
  33. Martinez-Gomez (2011): PAQ-A score = mean score of 8 activity items scored on a 5-point scale.
  34. Matton (2007): EE = Energy Expenditure in kcal/week. PAL = Physical Activity Level, calculated as total EE divided by 168 (number of hours per week) and the reported body weight. TV hr/week = time per week spent watching television or videos or playing computer games; this time was recalled in the FPACQ and also directly coded in the written activity log of the accelerometer reflecting the same activity domain. T-test = paired t-test to compare the magnitude of activity variables calculated from the RT3 and FPACQ (absolute validity).
  35. Nang (2011): VPA(Q) = 3–6 METs kcal/day, MPA(Q) = >6 METs kcal/day. VPA(Acc), MPA(Acc) = moderate and vigorous physical activity using cutoff points of 3 METs between light and moderate activity, and 6 METs between moderate and vigorous activity.
  36. Nicaise (2011): PA variables from questionnaire assessed in MET-min/week. Steps(Acc) = number of steps taken per day (from the dual mode function).
  37. Pettee-Gabriel (2009): Participants wore the accelerometer on average 6.3 ± 0.7 days/week or 30.7 ± 4.8 days during 35 days of observation and 14.4 ± 1.1 hours/day.
  38. Philippaerts (1999): Total activity index = index calculated from the work, sport and leisure time index. ADMR = Average Daily Metabolic Rate in MJ/day. PAL = Physical Activity Level, determined as the ratio of ADMR (Average Daily Metabolic Rate) over SMR (Sleeping Metabolic Rate). 7 day index = index in kcal/day calculated from hours spent on vigorous (8 times resting metabolic rate) and moderate (4 times resting metabolic rate) activities and including sleeping time and the time spent on light activities (remaining time) during the last seven days. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in kcal/day.
  39. Philippaerts (2001): Total activity index = index calculated from the work, sport and leisure time index. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in kcal/day.
  40. Rangul (2008): Frequency = out of breath or sweat sessions per week. Duration = out of breath or sweat hours per week. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in MJ/week. PAL = Average Physical Activity Level for 7 days, calculated as total energy expenditure divided by basal metabolic rate.
  41. Richardson (2001): Visit 10/11 = comparison for direct validation at study visit 10/11. Caltrac MET-min/day are obtained by dividing average 24-hour Caltrac readings (kcal/day) by the Caltrac's estimate of 24-hour resting energy expenditure and multiplying by 1440 min/day.
  42. Scerpella (2002): 2x 3 Days = two measurement periods of 2 weekdays and 1 weekend day. Score calculations not specifically reported.
  43. Schmidt (2006): Total activity score = activity score of all four domains, calculated as: (household/caregiving index*0.25 + occupational index*0.25 + active living index*0.25 + sports/exercise index*0.25)*4. Counts/min = mean accelerometer output per 1-min epoch, reflecting raw accelerometer output without any categorization according to activity intensity. Weighted activity score = activity score of all four domains, calculated as: (household/caregiving index*0.50 + occupational index*0.20 + active living index*0.25 + sports/exercise index*0.05)*4.
  44. Slinde (2003): eMLTPAQ = extended MLTPAQ with additional questions about inactivity during leisure time. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in MJ/day. Sedentary min/day = time spent watching TV, videos and computer time.
  45. Smitherman (2009): JPAC total score = total score calculated by summing the 4 index scores (active living, work, home/family/yard/garden, sport/exercise index) and can range from 3 to 20.
  46. Starling (1999): TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in kcal/day.
  47. Staten (2001): TEE = Total Energy Expenditure in kJ/day, -ic = average total energy expenditure with RMR measured by indirect calorimetry, -mif = average total energy expenditure with RMR calculated using the Mifflin et al. Equation, -met = average total energy expenditure with RMR calculated using the MET conversion.
  48. Tomioka (2011): Young old = age 65–74, old old = age 75–89.
  49. Treuth (2004): GAQ score yesterday = summary score estimated from 18 physical activities reliably recalled and frequently performed on the previous day (yesterday) or usually. The GAQ summary scores were computed as the total MET-weighted score divided by the number of nonmissing items. Average counts/min: all counts measured between 6 AM to 12 midnight averaged per minute. Baseline: n = 197, follow-up: n = 168.
  50. Trinh (2009): Dry season is baseline (n = 135). Measurements in wet season (n = 116) were performed 2 months after baseline during dry season. Sedentary time = time spent sitting or reclining. Mean (95 % LoA) = log-transformed average difference between the time spent in MVPA measured with GPAQ (averaged over dry and wet season) and accelerometer with 95 % limits of agreement.
  51. Troped (2007): MPA = number of days participating in ≥ 30 min of moderate PA during past 7 days. VPA = number of days participating in ≥ 20 min of vigorous PA during past 7 days. Sensitivity = probability of the YRBS items correctly classifying students as meeting recommendations. Specificity = probability of YRBS items correctly classifying students as not meeting the recommended level of PA. Kappa range = range of kappa coefficients between Actigraph measures (accumulated minutes, minutes in bouts ≥ 5 min, minutes in bouts ≥ 10 min, sustained minutes of PA) and the YRBS measure. Cut points used are based on the Freedson age-dependent equation; METs = 2.757 + (0.0015*counts per minute) - (0.0896*age[yr]) - (0.000038*counts per minute*age[yr]).
  52. Washburn (1999): Total PASE score was computed by multiplying the amount of time spent in each activity (hours/week) or participation (yes/no) in an activity by the empirically derived item weights and summing over all activities. Accelerometer readings are averaged over five-minute epoch periods.
  53. Washburn (2003): Interviewer reliability tested: ICC = 0.85. TEE = Total Energy Expenditure, including sleep, in kJ/day. PAEE = Physical Activity Energy Expenditure, i.e. light, moderate, hard and very hard activities, excluding sleep.
  54. Weston (1997): 1 Day = 1 day after school hours. TEE = Total relative Energy Expenditure in kcal/kg/day. EE = mean estimated rate of Energy Expenditure in kcal/kg/hr for the entire after school period, derived from both mode and intensity. %HRR = mean percent of heart rate range. HRR was calculated as HRmax - HRrest, where HRmax was estimated from the formula 220 - age, and HRrest was taken from the mean of the five lowest 1-min heart rates recorded during the measurement period. All heart rates (HRraw) were converted to a %HRR using the formula HRraw/HRR*100 and averaged to produce mean %HRR.
  55. Wolin (2008): 1-Min bout = accelerometer bout lasting at least 1 minute. 10-Min bout = accelerometer bout lasting at least 10 minutes.
Back to article page

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

Contact us