|
Category
|
Percentage of lesson (n = 81)
|
Percentage of lesson (n = 51)
|
Change from baseline to follow-up
|
|---|
|
Baseline (2008)
|
|---|
|
Follow-up (2009)
|
|---|
|
M
|
SD
|
Range
|
M
|
SD
|
Range
|
MD*
|
p value**
|
Cohen’s d ***
|
|---|
|
Student Activity
|
|
Lying down
|
0.2
|
0.6
|
0.0 - 4.4
|
0.2
|
1.1
|
0.0 - 8.0
|
0.0
|
p = .818
|
d = 0.00
|
|
Sitting
|
25.5
|
16.4
|
0.0 – 67.3
|
31.7
|
24.1
|
0.0 - 100
|
6.2
|
p = .503
|
d = 0.30
|
|
Standing
|
17.5
|
11.0
|
1.1 – 45.6
|
16.3
|
10.5
|
0.0 - 43.6
|
-1.2
|
p = .563
|
d = -0.11
|
|
Walking
|
36.1
|
14.4
|
5.6 – 74.5
|
39.1
|
18.5
|
0.0 - 84.4
|
3.0
|
p = .117
|
d = 0.18
|
|
Very active
|
20.8
|
11.1
|
2.1 – 57.1
|
12.9
|
12.7
|
0.0 - 62.9
|
-7.9
|
p = .009
|
d = -0.66
|
|
MVPA^
|
56.9
|
18.7
|
22.2 – 96.3
|
52.1
|
24.1
|
0.0 – 97.9
|
-4.8
|
p = .777
|
d = -0.22
|
|
Lesson Context
|
|
Management
|
30.8
|
13.2
|
3.6 – 67.2
|
22.3
|
10.7
|
0.6 – 49.4
|
-8.5
|
p < .001
|
d = -0.71
|
|
Knowledge
|
9.5
|
8.1
|
0.0 – 44.4
|
14.2
|
24.3
|
0.0 – 96.8
|
4.7
|
p = .242
|
d = 0.26
|
|
Fitness
|
7.1
|
11.4
|
0.0 – 71.7
|
10.6
|
18.1
|
0.0 – 86.3
|
3.5
|
p = .191
|
d = 0.23
|
|
Skill practice
|
6.2
|
10.9
|
0.0 – 44.8
|
5.2
|
14.6
|
0.0 – 75.8
|
-1.0
|
p = .644
|
d = -0.08
|
|
Game play
|
43.5
|
24.2
|
0.0 – 94.6
|
46.6
|
28.0
|
0.0 – 99.4
|
3.1
|
p = .199
|
d = 0.12
|
|
Other (free play)
|
2.8
|
5.0
|
0.0 – 27.2
|
1.3
|
3.4
|
0.0 – 14.6
|
-1.5
|
p = .408
|
d = -0.35
|
|
Teacher Interaction
|
|
Promotion of PA
|
30.8
|
19.4
|
0.0 – 89.4
|
10.1
|
8.2
|
0.0 – 30.3
|
-20.7
|
p < .001
|
d = -1.39
|
|
No promotion of PA
|
68.9
|
19.4
|
10.6 – 100
|
89.7
|
8.6
|
65.6 - 100
|
20.8
|
p < .001
|
d = 1.39
|
| |
Baseline (2008)
|
Follow-up (2009)
| | | | | | | |
|
Mean of usable PE class time# in minutes (Range)
|
59 (19–110)
|
59 (29–88)
| | | | | | | |
|
Number of lessons with
| | | | | | | | | |
|
>50% MVPA (%)
|
49 (60.5)
|
32 (62.7)
| | | | | | | |
|
>25% Skills practice (%)
|
8 (9.9)
|
4 (7.8)
| | | | | | | |
|
>35% Promotion PA (%)
|
27 (33.3)
|
0 (0)
| | | | | | | |
- *Mean Difference based on test of within-subjects contrast; **p value represents statistical significance based on test of within-subjects contrast; *** Cohen’s d = M Follow-up– M Baseline/ SD pooled, ^ MVPA is the sum of the walking and very active categories; # Usable PE class time defined as when 51% of students arrive in the instruction area to when 51% of students depart instruction area.
