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Table 5 Rate ratio (95% Confidence Interval) adjusted for area deprivation, using counts in resident and contiguous LSOAs b

From: Neighbourhood food and physical activity environments in England, UK: does ethnic density matter?

Ethnic concentration tertilea

Fast food outlets

Supermarkets

Indoor physical activity

Outdoor physical activity

White British

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

0.71 (0.67,0.75)

0.96 (0.89,1.03)

0.94 (0.92,0.96)

1.12 (1.09,1.14)

High

0.49 (0.45,0.53)

0.79 (0.72,0.86)

0.78 (0.76,0.81)

0.99 (0.96,1.01)

Black African

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.15 (1.09,1.21)

1.03 (0.96,1.10)

1.07 (1.05,1.09)

0.91 (0.89,0.93)

High

1.59 (1.50,1.69)

1.14 (1.05,1.24)

1.23 (1.19,1.26)

0.91 (0.89,0.93)

Black Caribbean

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.06 (1.01,1.11)

0.96 (0.90,1.02)

0.95 (0.93,0.97)

0.86 (0.85,0.88)

High

1.29 (1.21,1.37)

0.99 (0.92,1.07)

1.02 (0.99,1.05)

0.79 (0.78,0.81)

Indian

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.32 (1.26,1.37)

1.12 (1.06,1.18)

1.04 (1.02,1.06)

0.89 (0.88,0.91)

High

1.59 (1.52,1.66)

1.26 (1.18,1.34)

1.16 (1.14,1.18)

0.87 (0.85,0.88)

Pakistani

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.21 (1.15,1.27)

1.11 (1.04,1.19)

1.03 (1.01,1.05)

0.91 (0.90,0.93)

High

1.53 (1.45,1.62)

1.29 (1.20,1.40)

1.08 (1.05,1.10)

0.84 (0.82,0.86)

Bangladeshi

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.07 (1.01,1.13)

1.05 (0.97,1.13)

0.99 (0.96,1.01)

0.86 (0.84,0.89)

High

1.18 (1.10,1.26)

1.17 (1.06,1.29)

1.00 (0.97,1.04)

0.81 (0.79,0.84)

Chinese

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.50 (1.44,1.57)

1.23 (1.15,1.30)

1.18 (1.16,1.20)

0.95 (0.94,0.97)

High

1.86 (1.77,1.95)

1.43 (1.34,1.54)

1.31 (1.28,1.34)

0.91 (0.89,0.92)

Irish

    

Low

1.00

1.00

1.00

1.00

Moderate

1.29 (1.24,1.34)

1.09 (1.03,1.14)

1.10 (1.08,1.11)

0.96 (0.95,0.97)

High

1.79 (1.70,1.87)

1.29 (1.21,1.37)

1.20 (1.18,1.22)

0.94 (0.93,0.95)

  1. a Ethnic specific tertiles measured as percentage (range-see Table 2).
  2. b Rate ratios were estimated using a two level Poisson model (LSOAs nested within LAs), with random intercepts, taking into account population size and adjusted for deprivation. Low concentration = reference.