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Table 3 Mediation of child Obesity Protective Dietary Index scores post-intervention a

From: Mediators of improved child diet quality following a health promotion intervention: the Melbourne InFANT Program

Maternal mediators

n

α

(95% CI)

β

(95% CI)

c’

Indirect effect (c-c’)

P-value for bias-corrected indirect effect

% effect explained

Knowledge of child feeding messages

362

0.99

(0.59, 1.38)**

3.12

(0.90, 5.35)**

1.00

0.50

0.003

33%

Feeding practices

         

  Use of pressure in feeding

371

-0.51

(-1.00, -0.02)**

-2.16

(-4.35, 0.03)*

    

  Use food as reward

374

-0.77

(-1.47, -0.07)**

-3.69

(-6.10, -1.27)**

1.17*

0.33

0.016

22%

  Restriction

361

0.17

(-0.23, 0.56)

-0.99

(-3.19, 1.21)

    

  Intentional modelling of healthy eating

375

0.51

(0.01, 1.00)**

8.00

(2.69, 13.3)**

1.31**

0.19

0.082

12%

  Encourage balance and variety

375

0.39

(-2.08, 2.86)

2.31

(-2.48, 7.10)

    

  Emotion regulation

362

0.14

(-0.22, 0.50)

-5.58

(-6.83, -4.33)**

    

  Covert control

362

0.15

(-0.25, 0.56)

2.85

(0.75, 4.95)**

    

Self-efficacy

         

  Confidence in promoting healthy foods

367

0.24

(-0.22, 0.69)

6.33

(2.16, 10.49)**

    

  Confidence in limiting unhealthy foods

367

0.39

(-0.00, 0.78)*

3.00

(1.02, 4.97)**

    

  Confidence in providing healthy eating settings

366

0.00

(-0.38, 0.38)

1.63

(-0.67, 3.92)

    

Maternal diet

         

  Fruit intake

359

0.29

(-0.33, 0.90)

1.33

(-1.19, 3.86)

    

  Vegetable intake

359

0.11

(-0.32, 0.54)

1.34

(0.06, 2.62)**

    

  Fruit variety

358

-0.10

(-0.46, 0.44)

0.95

(-0.29, 2.18)

    

  Vegetable variety (with potato)

357

0.04

(-0.42, 0.50)

0.62

(-0.66, 1.89)

    

  Non-core drink intake

358

-0.08

(-0.58, 0.43)

-1.34

(-2.71, 0.03)*

    

  Non-core sweets intake

357

-0.16

(-.054, 0.22)

-1.57

(-2.77, -0.37)**

    

  Non-core savory foods intake

357

0.21

(-0.24, 0.66)

-1.35

(-2.69, 0.00)*

    
  1. aAll analyses controlled for daily mean energy intake, child age at the first recall, maternal education level, maternal age at childbirth and clustering by parent group.
  2. *p <0.10, **p <0.05.