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Table 3 Association of park proximity and park facilities with park use by socio-demographic characteristics

From: Are park proximity and park features related to park use and park-based physical activity among adults? Variations by multiple socio-demographic characteristics

Park variable

Full sample

Gender

Income

Race

Age

Males

Females

Low income

Medium income

High income

White

Black

18-39 years

40-59 years

60+ years

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

OR

95% CI

Closest park

                      

Less than ½ mile

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

½ mile to 1 mile

0.60

0.41-0.87

0.84

0.45-1.58

0.49

0.30-0.80

0.42

0.19-0.94

0.83

0.49-1.42

0.37

0.16-0.85

0.63

0.40-1.01

0.43

0.18-1.05

0.40

0.19-0.81

0.88

0.478-1.63

0.46

0.21-0.99

More than 1 mile

0.54

0.31-0.93

0.73

0.29-1.88

0.48

0.23-0.98

0.16

0.03-0.85

0.92

0.43-1.96

0.38

0.12-1.18

0.51

0.27-0.95

0.12

0.01-2.36

0.60

0.21-0.81

0.389

0.15-1.00

0.75

0.28-2.03

Number of parks

                      

0 parks

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1 park

0.82

0.45-1.46

0.74

0.29-1.90

0.82

0.38-1.76

2.59

0.46-14.48

0.73

0.33-1.59

0.45

0.14-1.49

0.69

0.36-1.40

5.58

0.29-105.85

0.54

0.18-1.63

1.36

0.51-3.60

0.54

0.19-1.54

2 parks

1.56

0.86-2.86

1.41

0.51-3.91

1.54

0.70-3.36

4.52

0.77-26.66

0.85

0.37-1.92

3.55

0.94-13.49

2.11

1.07-4.18

2.68

0.13-57.14

0.95

0.32-2.82

2.48

0.90-6.80

1.53

0.50-4.76

3 or more parks

2.31

1.30-4.10

2.10

0.80-5.49

2.32

1.09-4.95

5.53

0.98-31.30

1.46

0.67-3.20

5.03

1.40-18.09

3.13

1.58-6.22

8.01

0.43-149.26

1.96

0.70-5.53

5.12

1.89-13.91

1.20

0.41-3.54

Park space

                      

0 acres

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

0.1-19.9 acres

1.10

0.63-1.93

0.86

0.34-2.17

1.19

0.56-2.51

6.76

0.61-74.50

0.95

0.44-2.04

0.67

0.21-2.14

1.00

0.52-1.92

3.56

0.21-60.64

0.75

0.25-2.21

1.60

0.61-4.19

0.72

0.26-2.06

20-49.9 acres

2.18

1.22-3.87

1.57

0.58-4.26

2.63

1.23-5.65

14.70

1.33-161.92

1.39

0.64-3.01

4.00

0.95-16.87

2.81

1.42-5.56

5.61

0.32-97.83

1.81

0.66-4.99

2.27

0.84-6.17

1.92

0.67-5.51

50 or more acres

2.47

1.38-4.44

1.70

0.64-4.55

2.84

1.31-6.17

35.39

3.24-386.61

0.99

0.44-2.22

3.22

0.87-11.86

2.54

1.26-5.10

17.46

1.07-286.00

1.72

0.61-4.87

5.29

1.81-15.45

1.14

0.36-3.55

Park facilities1

                      

Playground

1.98

1.32-2.97

1.52

0.77-2.97

2.30

1.36-3.90

2.90

1.07-7.88

1.43

0.82-2.47

3.35

1.34-8.34

2.34

1.44-3.81

3.19

1.01-10.14

2.37

1.13-4.97

2.25

0.95-5.35

1.48

0.68-3.23

Sports Field

1.05

0.70-1.58

0.72

0.37-1.39

1.23

0.71-2.13

0.85

0.38-1.87

1.24

0.68-2.25

0.96

0.37-2.45

1.49

0.90-2.48

0.82

0.26-2.57

1.37

0.61-3.07

1.98

0.90-4.37

0.64

0.26-1.61

Baseball field

1.73

1.20-2.50

1.27

0.70-2.30

2.01

1.22-3.30

5.31

1.79-15.78

1.11

0.68-1.82

2.36

1.08-5.14

1.95

1.26-3.02

6.03

1.74-20.84

0.99

0.51-1.92

2.41

1.11-5.24

0.97

0.48-1.98

Swimming pool

1.26

0.76-2.08

1.66

0.72-3.83

1.04

0.54-2.03

1.24

0.45-3.40

1.41

0.68-2.91

1.18

0.40-3.49

1.14

0.59-2.21

1.84

0.66-5.12

0.83

0.35-1.95

2.74

1.01-7.49

1.57

0.60-4.07

Splash pad

2.07

1.29-3.33

2.59

1.19-5.65

1.80

0.97-3.36

2.26

0.93-5.50

1.48

0.75-2.92

4.54

1.46-14.10

2.80

1.43-5.47

1.72

0.65-4.52

2.06

0.89-4.80

2.67

1.01-7.01

2.41

0.92-6.31

Basketball court

1.69

1.17-2.44

1.96

1.08-3.54

1.49

0.92-2.42

2.00

0.89-4.52

1.51

0.91-2.50

1.94

0.85-4.45

1.98

1.24-3.15

3.01

1.22-7.44

1.34

0.65-2.77

2.17

1.05-4.49

1.52

0.75-3.11

Tennis court

1.78

1.23-2.57

1.98

1.09-3.57

1.64

1.01-2.68

2.11

0.98-4.55

1.41

0.84-2.37

2.70

1.25-5.82

2.20

1.39-3.49

2.12

0.91-4.93

1.41

0.70-2.83

1.71

0.83-3.52

1.66

0.80-3.47

Volleyball court

2.42

0.96-6.11

2.71

0.58-12.74

2.09

0.61-7.18

8.49

0.76-95.41

2.24

0.71-7.08

1.26

0.20-7.89

3.03

1.12-8.17

0.00

0.00-0.00

6.38

0.65-62.54

0.25

0.05-1.16

2n/a

2n/a

Trail

1.65

1.13-2.40

1.24

0.66-2.35

1.88

1.16-3.03

1.78

0.77-4.12

1.25

0.74-2.10

3.17

1.42-7.08

2.07

1.30-3.28

1.24

0.50-3.06

2.08

1.03-4.19

1.30

0.61-2.75

1.02

0.50-2.08

Fitness station

7.92

3.05-20.57

18.34

2.47-136.18

5.08

1.61-16.07

2n/a

2n/a

5.66

1.65-19.45

7.92

1.63-38.48

9.88

3.15-30.99

0.00

0.00-0.00

21.34

2.43-187.71

2.04

0.39-10.74

3.20

0.57-17.96

Skate park

5.25

2.43-11.31

11.92

2.60-54.72

3.40

1.33-8.65

2n/a

2n/a

3.56

1.40-9.08

6.43

1.35-30.63

6.10

2.46-15.15

0.00

0.00-0.00

8.31

2.15-32.09

1.20

0.24-5.92

3.21

0.69-14.86

Dog park

1.48

0.56-3.93

1.55

0.32-7.46

1.42

0.38-5.25

2n/a

2n/a

1.20

0.40-3.54

2.88

0.10-82.90

1.93

0.54-6.97

0.34

0.05-2.39

1.25

0.21-7.30

0.74

0.07-7.57

0.83

0.07-9.87

Green space

1.43

0.86-2.36

1.12

0.48-2.58

1.54

0.79-2.98

4.79

0.98-23.56

0.93

0.47-1.83

1.60

0.57-4.49

1.55

0.87-2.77

3.22

0.44-23.71

1.33

0.54-3.25

1.87

0.65-5.38

0.94

0.37-2.37

Lake

1.72

1.15-2.58

2.00

1.05-3.82

1.54

0.91-2.62

2.49

1.00-6.20

1.28

0.73-2.23

2.41

1.00-5.82

1.80

1.11-2.92

1.44

0.51-4.11

2.70

1.20-6.08

2.07

0.90-4.80

1.07

0.44-2.63

  1. Bolded odds ratios and confidence intervals indicate associations that were significant at p < .05.
  2. 1The reference group for all park facilities analyses was those participants who did not have the specific facility within a park within 1 mile from home.
  3. 2n/a – Odds ratio could not be calculated because the specified facility was too uncommon within 1 mile of parks for participants in the specified demographic group.
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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