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Table 4 Group Comparison of Frequency (Proportion) meeting Health Outcomes for Blood Pressure, Healthy Eating and Activity Behavioral Targets

From: Effectiveness of tailored lifestyle interventions, using web-based and print-mail, for reducing blood pressure among rural women with prehypertension: main results of the Wellness for Women: DASHing towards Healthclinical trial

Criteria

Standard

Web-

Print-

Odds ratio (95% CI) a

 

Advice (SA)

based (W)

mailed (P)

W vs SA

P vs SA

W vs P

Normotensive status

      

  6 months

21/53 (.40)

55/108 (.51)

47/111 (.42)

1.5 (0.7 to 3.1)

1.2 (0.6 to 2.5)

1.3 (0.7 to 2.3)

  12 months

26/51 (.51)

51/105 (.49)

46/108 (.43)

0.8 (0.4 to 1.6)

0.8 (0.4 to 1.7)

1.0 (0.5 to 1.8)

  18 months

21/48 (.44)

56/102 (.55)

42/103 (.41)

1.7 (0.7 to 3.6)

1.0 (0.5 to 2.2)

1.7 (0.9 to 3.1)

  24 months

14/48 (.29)

48/104 (.46)

32/104 (.31)

2.1 (1.0 to 4.7)

1.3 (0.6 to 2.9)

1.7 (0.9 to 3.1)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.39

0.47

0.39

p = .11

p = .48

p = .09

≥ 150 minutes weekly of moderate or greater intensity activity

      

  6 months

44/53 (.83)

87/108 (.81)

86/111 (.78)

0.8 (0.4 to 2.0)

0.7 (0.3 to 1.7)

1.2 (0.5 to 2.8)

  12 months

37/51 (.73)

79/106 (.75)

79/106 (.73)

1.1 (0.5 to 2.5)

1.1 (0.5 to 2.3)

0.9 (0.4 to 1.9)

  18 months

38/48 (.79)

85/102 (.83)

81/102 (.79)

1.3 (0.5 to 3.1)

0.9 (0.4 to 2.2)

0.8 (0.3 to 1.9)

  24 months

34/48 (.71)

71/104 (.68)

67/103 (.65)

0.9 (0.4 to 2.0)

0.8 (0.4 to 1.8)

1.1 (0.5 to 2.3)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.77

0.78

0.75

p = .41

p = .34c

p = .44

<27% daily calories from fat

      

  6 months

4/53 (.08)

17/108 (.16)

14/111 (.13)

2.3 (0.7 to 7.9)

1.8 (0.5 to 6.5)

0.4 (0.1 to 1.5)

  12 months

4/51 (.08)

12/106 (.11)

12/109 (.11)

1.4 (0.4 to 5.1)

1.4 (0.4 to 5.3)

0.7 (0.2 to 2.7)

  18 months

5/48 (.10)

15/102 (.15)

13/103 (.13)

1.5 (0.5 to 4.9)

1.4 (0.4 to 4.6)

0.6 (0.2 to 2.1)

  24 months

4/48 (.08)

13/104 (.13)

11/104 (.11)

1.6 (0.5 to 5.6)

1.4 (0.4 to 5.1)

0.6 (0.2 to 2.2)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.05

0.09

0.08

p = .10

p = .15

p = .76

<7% daily calories from saturated fat

      

  6 months

4/53 (.08)

8/108 (.07)

5/111 (.05)

0.7 (0.2 to 2.9)

0.6 (0.1 to 2.6)

1.5 (0.4 to 6.4)

  12 months

3/51 (.06)

7/106 (.07)

9/109 (.08)

0.9 (0.2 to 4.1)

1.3 (0.3 to 5.8)

1.2 (0.2 to 5.4)

  18 months

3/48 (.06)

9/102 (.09)

8/103 (.08)

1.3 (0.3 to 5.7)

1.4 (0.3 to 6.0)

0.8 (0.2 to 3.2)

  24 months

1/48 (.02)

9/104 (.09)

5/104 (.05)

4.5 (0.5 to 41.3)

2.9 (0.3 to 28.6)

0.2 (.02 to 2.0)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.02

0.03

0.03

p = .27

p = .30

p = .89

>8 daily servings of fruit and vegetables

      

  6 months

8/53 (.15)

32/108 (.30)

38/111 (.34)

2.9 (1.1 to 7.6)

3.3 (1.3 to 8.5)

0.3 (0.1 to 0.9)

  12 months

7/51 (.14)

32/106 (.30)

38/109 (.35)

3.3 (1.2 to 8.9)

4.2 (1.6 to 11.2)

0.3 (0.1 to 0.8)

  18 months

5/48 (.10)

30/102 (.29)

27/103 (.26)

4.5 (1.5 to 13.8)

3.9 (1.3 to 11.9)

0.2 (0.1 to 0.7)

  24 months

7/48 (.15)

25/104 (.24)

32/104 (.31)

2.0 (0.8 to 5.4)

2.9 (1.1 to 7.6)

0.5 (0.2 to 1.3)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.10

0.25

0.27

p < .005

p < .005

p = .63

> 2 daily servings of low-fat dairy

      

  6 months

10/53 (.19)

37/108 (.34)

29/111 (.26)

2.4 (0.9 to 6.4)

1.3 (0.5 to 3.6)

0.4 (0.2 to 1.1)

  12 months

7/51 (.14)

38/106 (.36)

33/109 (.30)

4.7 (1.6 to 13.7)

2.9 (1.0 to 8.6)

0.2 (0.1 to 0.6)

  18 months

6/48 (.13)

25/102 (.25)

23/103 (.22)

2.6 (0.8 to 8.1)

2.2 (0.7 to 7.2)

0.4 (0.1 to 1.2)

  24 months

9/48 (.19)

24/104 (.23)

27/104 (.26)

1.1 (0.4 to 3.4)

1.5 (0.5 to 4.4)

0.9 (0.3 to 2.6)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.11

0.24

0.20

p = .01

p = .05

p = .38

< 2400 mg of daily sodium

      

  6 months

22/53 (.42)

46/108 (.43)

48/111 (.43)

0.8 (0.4 to 1.8)

1.2 (0.5 to 2.6)

1.2 (0.5 to 2.6)

  12 months

26/51 (.51)

49/106 (.46)

42/109 (.39)

0.7 (0.3 to 1.4)

0.5 (0.2 to 1.2)

1.5 (0.7 to 3.4)

  18 months

29/48 (.60)

55/102 (.54)

47/103 (.46)

0.6 (0.3 to 1.5)

0.5 (0.2 to 1.3)

1.6 (0.7 to 3.7)

  24 months

23/48 (.48)

57/104 (.55)

48/104 (.46)

1.4 (0.6 to 3.0)

1.1 (0.5 to 2.5)

0.7 (0.3 to 1.6)

  Estimated marginal proportionb

0.48

0.43

0.43

p = .24c

p = .23c

p = .90

  1. Note: GEE comparisons of Web-based and Print-mailed with Standard Advice were one-tailed, Web-based with Print-mailed was two-tailed, each tested at α = .05.
  2. aOdds ratios calculated separately for each time point and adjusted for age and baseline outcome.
  3. bEstimated marginal proportions from generalized estimating equations adjusted for age and baseline level of outcome.
  4. cEffect was not in hypothesized direction.
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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