Table 10 Summary statistics for hypothesized moderators of children’s physical activity and parental support; fixed and random effects analyses (using corrected r values)
From: Parental correlates in child and adolescent physical activity: a meta-analysis
| Variable | Q b | p | k | Random effects | Fixed effects | SE | Q w | I 2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | 95% CI | r | 95% CI | |||||||
| Parental support | ||||||||||
| Composite-summary | 34 | .38 | .30-.46 | .38 | .37-.39 | .03 | 1204.70* | 97.26 | ||
| Coactivity | 12 | .28 | .03-.50 | .29 | .27-.31 | .13 | 2237.45* | 99.51 | ||
| Encouragement | 19 | .34 | .25-.41 | .36 | .34-.37 | .02 | 537.72* | 96.65 | ||
| Praise | 6 | .15 | -.03-.32 | .15 | .11-.19 | .04 | 88.49* | 94.35 | ||
| Watching | 5 | .16 | .05-.27 | .13 | .10-.16 | .01 | 30.47* | 86.87 | ||
| Transportation | 6 | .22 | .12-.31 | .16 | .14-.19 | .01 | 38.08* | 86.87 | ||
| Equipment | 12 | .21 | .15-.27 | .21 | .17-.24 | .01 | 32.49* | 66.14 | ||
| Monitoring | 4 | .14 | -.03-.30 | .22 | .17-.27 | .03 | 18.33* | 83.64 | ||
| Developmental age | ||||||||||
| Overall/composite | ||||||||||
| 2-5.4 yrs | 2.02 | .37 | 7 | .30 | .18-.41 | .28 | .24-.33 | .02 | 36.83* | 83.71 |
| 5.5-12.4 yrs | 10 | .35 | .21-.47 | .38 | .37-.40 | .04 | 328.95* | 97.26 | ||
| 12.5-19 yrs | 17 | .42 | .29-.55 | .40 | .38-.41 | .05 | 818.32* | 98.05 | ||
| Encouragement | ||||||||||
| 2-5.4 yrs | 0.48 | .79 | 5 | .29 | .10-.45 | .14 | .10-.18 | .04 | 30.90* | 87.05 |
| 5.5-12.4 yrs | 8 | .36 | .23-.48 | .31 | .28-.34 | .03 | 103.89* | 93.26 | ||
| 12.5-19 yrs | 6 | .34 | .21-.45 | .41 | .40-.43 | .03 | 213.24* | 97.66 | ||
| Measurement of PA | ||||||||||
| Overall/composite | ||||||||||
| Objective | 19.53 | <.01 | 11 | .20 | .13-.26 | .21 | .18-.24 | .01 | 29.97 | 66.63 |
| Self-report | 23 | .46 | .37-.55 | .41 | .40-.43 | .03 | 1047.24* | 97.90 | ||
| Encouragement | ||||||||||
| Objective | .00 | .98 | 7 | .34 | .14-.51 | .34 | .27-.40 | .05 | 38.83* | 84.55 |
| Reported | 12 | .34 | .24-.43 | .36 | .34-.37 | .02 | 498.52* | 97.79 | ||
| Quality | ||||||||||
| Overall/composite | . | |||||||||
| High | .57 | .45 | 7 | .48 | .17-.71 | .38 | 36-.41 | .18 | 659.51* | 99.09 |
| Moderate/low | 24 | .37 | .29-.44 | .41 | .40-.43 | .02 | 445.01* | 94.83 | ||
| Geographical Locationa | ||||||||||
| Overall/composite | ||||||||||
| USA | 2.80 | .25 | 21 | .33 | .25-.41 | .37 | .36-.39 | .04 | 408.09* | 95.10 |
| AUS/NZ | 4 | .59 | -.14-.90 | .69 | .66-.73 | .68 | 438.27* | 99.32 | ||
| EUR | 6 | .45 | .32-.56 | .40 | .37-.43 | .03 | 75.55* | 93.38 | ||
| Encouragement | ||||||||||
| USA | 2.87 | .09 | 13 | .36 | .27-.44 | .33 | .30-.35 | .03 | 105.40* | 88.62 |
| EUR | 4 | .20 | .04-.35 | .28 | .26-.30 | .03 | 125.39* | 97.61 | ||