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Table 1 Summary of comments from content experts (n = 9) for content validity and lay experts (n = 3) for face validity

From: Development and validation of a social cognitive theory-based survey for elementary nutrition education program

Themes

Quotes

Content validity results (n = 9)

 

 Repetition

“Question may not be necessary.”

“Only need 1–2 of these types of questions.”

“Repetitive.”

 Difficulty

“Whole grains are sometimes hard for them to understand.”

“They won’t know what these are.”

“These choices will be a bit confusing.”

 Appropriateness to income level

“Our students do skip meals but not because they want to, because they do not have food.”

“This is the parent’s responsibility not the child’s.”

“I think #12 may make some students feel bad or sad that they do not participate especially if it is because of money. It may not be a choice for the kids.”

“This question could make students feel bad about being in a low income family.”

Face validity results (n = 3)

 

 Too Difficult

“I couldn’t answer some of these vitamin questions myself.”

“I don’t know if students can answer all of these questions [pointing to vitamin questions].”

“We don’t teach all of these topics here, so they probably won’t know some of this stuff.”

 Appropriate for grade level

“These all look good.”

“All of these are appropriate for the grade level.”

“I don’t think students would have difficulty with any of these questions.”

  1. Note: Content validity was conducted using 9 content experts and face validity was conducted using 3 5th grade teachers (lay experts).