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Table 1 Characteristics of quantitative studies

From: Generational differences in the physical activity of UK South Asians: a systematic review

Author and year

Study design

South Asian Ethnic groups (N)

Comparator (N)

Sex

Age-group

Location

Physical activity measurement instrument

[7] Duncan et al. 2006

Cross sectional

Asian (67)

White (176), Black (33)

Male and Female

11 to 14

Birmingham

Self-report, validated questionnaire - Four by one day

[8] Duncan et al. 2008

Cross sectional

South Asian (209)

White (397)

Male and Female

11 to 14

Birmingham

Self-report, validated questionnaire - Four by one day

[9] Duncan et al. 2012

Cross sectional

South Asian (67)

White (469)

Male and Female

8 to 11

Coventry

Pedometers worn over 4 days

[10] Eyre et al. 2013

Cross sectional

South Asian (65)

White European (96)

Male and Female

8 to 9

Coventry

Physical activity and heart rate worn monitor for 7 days

[11] Falconer et al. 2014

Cross sectional

South Asian (607)

White (1,904), Black/Black British (226)

Male and Female

4 to 5 and 10 to 11

5 PCTs in England

Self-report questionnaires

[12] Ghouri et al. 2013

Cross sectional

South Asian (87)

European (99)

Male

40 to 70

Scotland

Accelerometers worn for 7 days

[13] Griffiths et al. 2013

Prospective cohort

Indian (139), Pakistani (177), Bangladeshi (70)

White (5,710), Mixed (168), Black (142), Other (90)

Male and Female

Age 7

UK

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

[14] Harding et al. 2008

Cross sectional

Indian (218) Pakistani/Bangladeshi (222)

White UK (589), White Other (218), Black Caribbean (453), Black African (593), Mixed (279)

Male and Female

11 to 13

London

Self-report physical activity questions on vigorous sports

[15] Hayes et al. 2002

Cross sectional

Indian (249), Pakistani (287), Bangladeshi (117)

European (749)

Male and Female

25 to 74

Newcastle

Self-report physical activity questionnaire, then created an index

[16] Hemmings et al. 2011

Cross sectional pilot

South Asian (12)

British White (11)

Male

14 to 15

London

Accelerometer worn for 7 days

[34] Hine et al. 1995

Cross sectional

Indian (52), Pakistani (79), Bangladeshi (21)

None

Female

18 to 74

Bristol

Self-report questionnaire

[17] Karlsen et al. 2010

Cross sectional

Muslim Indian (270), Pakistani (2,120), Bangladeshi (1,943), Sikh (657), Hindu (1,195)

Christian by White British (10,577), Irish (1,729), Caribbean and No religion by White British (2,371), Caribbean (309)

Male and Female

Above 2

England

Self-report question on taking no regular physical activity

[18] Khunti et al. 2007

Cross sectional

South Asian (2,732)

White European (447)

Male and Female

11 to 16

Leicester

Self-report questionnaire derived from Four by one day

[19] Knight et al. 1993

Cross sectional

Asian (128)

Non-Asian (160)

Male

20 to 65

Bradford

Self-report lifestyle questionnaire including exercise

[20] Lean et al. 2001

Cross sectional

South Asian (119)

Italian (90), General Population (50)

Female

20 to 42

Glasgow

Self-report question on sport and recreational exercise

[21] McMinn et al. 2011

Cross sectional

South Asian (487)

White European (508), Black African-Caribbean (576)

Male and Female

9 to 10

London, Birmingham, Leicester

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

[22] De Munter et al. 2012

Cross sectional

Indian (1,264)

English European (14,723), English African (1,112)

Male and Female

35 to 64

England

Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey

[23] Owen et al. 2009

Cross sectional

South Asian (494)

White European (562), Black African-Caribbean (607)

Male and Female

9 to 10

London, Birmingham, Leicester

Accelerometer worn for 7 days, during waking hours.

[24] Pollard et al. 2008

Cross sectional

British Pakistani (60)

European (25)

Female

20 to 40

North East England

Self-report, validated questionnaire -International Physical Activity Questionnaire

[25] Pollard et al. 2012

Cross sectional

British Pakistani (67)

White British (70)

Female

9 to 11

North East England

Accelerometer worn for 2 school days

[26]Pomerleau et al. 1999

Cross sectional

South Asian (291)

European (559), Afro-Caribbean (303)

Female

40 to 69

London

Self-report questionnaire

[27] Riste et al. 2001

Cross sectional

Pakistani (132)

European (471), African-Caribbean (316)

Male and Female

35 to 79

Manchester

Self-report validated questionnaire

[28] Smith et al. 2012

Cross sectional

Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi

White

Male and Female

16 to 55

England

Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey

[29] Williams et al. 1994

Cross sectional

South Asian (173)

General population (344)

Male and Female

30 to 40

Glasgow

Self-report questionnaire.

[30] Williams et al. 1998

Cross sectional

British Asian (334)

Other origin (490)

Male and Female

14 to 15 in South Asians Age 35 in General population

Glasgow

Self-report questionnaire.

[35] Williams et al. 2010

Cross sectional

South Asian Sikhs (571), Muslims (179), Hindus (315)

Whites (818)

Male and Female

35 to 75

London

Self-report, validated questionnaire -International Physical Activity Questionnaire

[32] Williams et al. 2011 - JECH

Cross sectional

South Asian (5,421)

Whites (8,974)

Male and Female

Over 16

England

Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey

[31] Williams et al. 2011 - Heart

Cross sectional

Indian (1,244), Pakistani/Bangladeshi (876)

White (13,293)

Male and Female

Over 16

England

Self-report questionnaire based on Allied Dunbar National Fitness Survey

[33] Yates et al. 2010

Cross sectional

South Asian (1,164)

White European (4,310)

Male and Female

25 to 75 in South Asians 40 to 75 in White European

Leicester

Self-report, validated questionnaire -International Physical Activity Questionnaire