Characterisation of UK diets according to degree of food processing and associations with socio-demographics and obesity: cross-sectional analysis of UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008–12)

Table 6 Associations between percentage of energy from processed-food groups and overweight and obesity; UK National Diet & Nutrition Survey, 2008–12

Percentage of energy from	Adjusted¹ linear regression coefficient for body mass index (95% CI)²	Adjusted odds ratio of being overweight or obese (95% CI)	Adjusted odds ratio of being obese (95% CI)
Unprocessed or minimally processed foods	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.07)	1.00 (0.99 to 1.01)	1.00 (0.99 to 1.01)
Processed ingredients	−0.09 (−0.16 to -0.03)	0.97 (0.96 to 0.99)	0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)
Unprocessed or minimally processed foods AND processed ingredients	−0.02 (−0.06 to 0.02)	0.99 (0.98 to 0.99)	0.99 (0.98 to 1.00)
Ultra-processed food products	0.02 (−0.02 to 0.07)	1.01 (1.00 to 1.02)	1.01 (1.00 to 1.02)

¹adjusted for gender, occupational social class, age and percentage of energy from alcohol; ² CI Confidence intervals

ISSN: 1479-5868