Table 1 Manipulated environmental factors with their levels
Environmental factors | Levels |
|---|---|
Sidewalk evenness | Very uneven |
| Â | Slightly uneven |
| Â | Even |
Separation from traffic | No separation |
| Â | Cycling path in other color (red) |
| Â | Small shrub between sidewalk and cycling path |
Obstacle on sidewalk | Obstacle (electrical box and bicycle on sidewalk) |
| Â | No obstacle |
Traffic volume | 4 cars + 1 truck |
| Â | 3 cars |
| Â | 1 car |
Speed limit | 50Â km/h |
| Â | 30Â km/h |
Traffic calming device | No speed bump |
| Â | Speed bump |
Overall upkeep | Bad upkeep (a lot of litter and graffiti) |
| Â | Moderate upkeep (a bit of litter and graffiti) |
| Â | Good upkeep (no litter and graffiti) |
Vegetation | No tree |
| Â | Two trees |
| Â | Five trees |
Benches | No bench |
| Â | One bench |