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Table 1 Characteristics of study population (N = 3336)

From: Impact of offering cycle training in schools upon cycling behaviour: a natural experimental study

Variable

Level

Full study population (N = 3336)

Control group (N = 773)

Intervention group (N = 2563)

P-value for difference

Sex

Female

1667 (50 %)

366 (47 %)

1301 (51 %)

0.10 c

Male

1669 (50 %)

407 (53 %)

1262 (49 %)

 

Age

10 years

1212 (36 %)

364 (47 %)

848 (33 %)

<0.001 c

11 years

2124 (64 %)

409 (53 %)

1715 (67 %)

 

Ethnicity

White

2859 (86 %)

646 (84 %)

2213 (86 %)

0.22 c

Mixed

104 (3 %)

26 (3 %)

78 (3 %)

 

South Asian

306 (9 %)

87 (11 %)

219 (9 %)

 

Black

41 (1 %)

8 (1 %)

33 (1 %)

 

Other

26 (1 %)

6 (1 %)

20 (1 %)

 

Weight status

Normal/underweight

2376 (74 %)

552 (74 %)

1824 (74 %)

0.97 d

Overweight

652 (20 %)

156 (21 %)

496 (20 %)

 

Obese

197 (6 %)

43 (6 %)

154 (6 %)

 

General health

Good/excellent

3245 (97 %)

753 (98 %)

2492 (97 %)

0.64 c

Fair/poor

90 (3 %)

19 (2 %)

71 (3 %)

 

Longstanding illness

No

2864 (86 %)

662 (86 %)

2202 (86 %)

0.93 c

Yes

468 (14 %)

109 (14 %)

359 (14 %)

 

Frequency of attending club or classes for sport or other exercise

Not at all

844 (25 %)

189 (24 %)

655 (26 %)

0.23 d

At most once a week

770 (23 %)

168 (22 %)

602 (23 %)

 

2–3 times a week

1187 (36 %)

286 (37 %)

901 (35 %)

 

4–5 times a week

535 (16 %)

130 (17 %)

405 (16 %)

 

Cycled to/from school age 7

No

3027 (99 %)

703 (99 %)

2324 (99 %)

0.52 c

Yes

36 (1 %)

10 (1 %)

26 (1 %)

 

Highest education of either parenta

Degree

516 (15 %)

106 (14 %)

410 (16 %)

0.50 d

Diploma

1234 (37 %)

320 (41 %)

914 (36 %)

 

Higher secondary

499 (15 %)

114 (15 %)

385 (15 %)

 

Middle secondary

685 (21 %)

140 (18 %)

545 (21 %)

 

Low, other or none

397 (12 %)

93 (12 %)

304 (12 %)

 

Equivalised household incomeb

Fifth 1 (highest)

667 (20 %)

167 (22 %)

500 (20 %)

0.44 d

Fifth 2

749 (22 %)

182 (24 %)

567 (22 %)

 

Fifth 3

714 (21 %)

149 (19 %)

565 (22 %)

 

Fifth 4

638 (19 %)

128 (17 %)

510 (20 %)

 

Fifth 5 (lowest)

568 (17 %)

147 (19 %)

421 (16 %)

 

Highest occupational social class of either parent

High managerial/professional

490 (15 %)

124 (16 %)

366 (14 %)

0.80 c

Low manager/professional

934 (28 %)

209 (27 %)

725 (29 %)

 

Intermediate

453 (14 %)

101 (13 %)

352 (14 %)

 

Small employers & self-employed

304 (9 %)

66 (9 %)

238 (9 %)

 

Low supervisory & technical roles

126 (4 %)

25 (3 %)

101 (4 %)

 

Semi-routine

291 (9 %)

69 (9 %)

222 (9 %)

 

Routine

177 (5 %)

38 (5 %)

139 (5 %)

 

Not economically active

529 (16 %)

130 (17 %)

399 (16 %)

 

Settlement type

Large urban area

2745 (82 %)

624 (81 %)

2121 (83 %)

0.28 c

Small town & fringe

263 (8 %)

63 (8 %)

200 (8 %)

 

Village or smaller

323 (10 %)

86 (11 %)

237 (9 %)

 

Prevalence of cycling to work in local area

<2 %

1603 (48 %)

401 (52 %)

1202 (47 %)

0.01 d

2–3.9 %

1141 (34 %)

249 (32 %)

892 (35 %)

 

4–5.9 %

354 (11 %)

83 (11 %)

271 (11 %)

 

≥6 %

238 (7 %)

40 (5 %)

198 (8 %)

 
  1. a Includes both academic and vocational qualifications. ‘Degree’ corresponds to British National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) level 1, ‘Diploma’ to NVQ2, ‘Higher secondary’ to NVQ3, ‘Middle Secondary’ to NVQ2 and ‘Low, other or none’ to NVQ1, overseas qualifications or no qualifications
  2. b Equivalised for household composition in terms of adults and children [35]
  3. c Chi-squared test for association
  4. d Chi-squared test for trend