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Table 3 Mixed effects estimates on work and domestic PA levels (MET-hrs/wk) among Chinese adult women, coefficient (95 % CI)

From: Age, period and cohort effects on adult physical activity levels from 1991 to 2011 in China

Women

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Age

11.52 (10.25,12.79)

7.51 (6.06,8.96)

13.07 (11.7,14.45)

7.26 (5.67,8.84)

Age- squared

−0.16 (−0.18,−0.15)

−0.11 (−0.13,−0.1)

−0.17 (−0.18,−0.15)

−0.1 (−0.12,−0.08)

Survey year (ref: 1991)

    

 1993

−191.08 (−215.13,−167.03)

−174.74 (−201.52,−147.96)

−161.92 (−189.94,−133.89)

−154.8 (−183.4,−126.19)

 1997

−247.85 (−274.67,−221.04)

−231.38 (−262.37,−200.4)

−190.69 (−221.93,−159.45)

−194.79 (−227.93,−161.64)

 2000

−306.59 (−333.95,−279.24)

−241.57 (−274.56,−208.57)

−183.96 (−215.54,−152.38)

−187.61 (−222.63,−152.6)

 2004

−356.11 (−389.18,−323.03)

−172.42 (−212.01,−132.83)

−176.80 (−215.67,−137.92)

−117.34 (−159.23,−75.45)

 2006

−352.57 (−386.89,−318.26)

−172.04 (−211.6,−132.49)

−141.05 (−181.73,−100.38)

−112.65 (−155.36,−69.94)

 2009

−386.64 (−420.80,−352.48)

−190.23 (−228.17,−152.29)

−186.09 (−225.02,−147.16)

−140.05 (−180.76,−99.33)

 2011

−401.56 (−438.85,−364.26)

−184.7 (−225.63,−143.76)

−188.98 (−231.32,−146.64)

−147.06 (−190.87,−103.25)

1993*Age

0.57 (0.06,1.08)

0.55 (−0.05,1.14)

0.71 (0.07,1.34)

0.37 (−0.28,1.03)

1997*Age

1.36 (0.78,1.93)

1.88 (1.18,2.57)

1.61 (0.91,2.32)

1.41 (0.66,2.16)

2000*Age

1.40 (0.82,1.98)

1.11 (0.38,1.84)

0.95 (0.25,1.65)

0.54 (−0.24,1.32)

2004*Age

0.99 (0.32,1.66)

−0.72 (−1.58,0.14)

−0.32 (−1.14,0.50)

−1.29 (−2.2,−0.38)

2006*Age

1.04 (0.34,1.73)

−0.57 (−1.42,0.27)

−0.48 (−1.32,0.37)

−1.01 (−1.93,−0.1)

2009*Age

1.86 (1.17,2.55)

0.08 (−0.71,0.88)

0.83 (0.03,1.62)

−0.37 (−1.23,0.48)

2011*Age

1.81 (1.08,2.54)

−0.41 (−1.24,0.43)

0.74 (−0.10,1.59)

−0.62 (−1.52,0.27)

Inverse Mill’s Ratio

−7.76 (−8.44,−7.08)

−5.88 (−6.54,−5.21)

−5.77 (−6.48,−5.05)

−5.14 (−5.82,−4.46)

Household income

  

0.00 (0.00,0.00)

0.00 (0.00,0.00)

Bicycle ownership

  

2.94 (−3.41,9.30)

2.69 (−3.74,9.11)

Vehicle ownership

  

−12.32 (−18.77,−5.87)

−7.32 (−13.91,−0.72)

TV and computer ownership

  

−40.41 (−49.68,−31.13)

−20.89 (−30.17,−11.61)

Household size

  

6.77 (4.84,8.70)

−0.73 (−2.72,1.26)

Community Urbanicity

  

−5.23 (−5.42,−5.04)

−1.94 (−2.18,−1.71)

Overweight/Obese

 

−5.28 (−12.07,1.52)

 

−3.04 (−10.02,3.94)

Occupation (ref: professional job)

    

 Farmer

 

323.73 (313.07,334.39)

 

295.27 (283.14,307.39)

 officer/soldier/athlete

 

84.26 (37.41,131.12)

 

80.93 (29.79,132.08)

 Unskilled worker

 

205.69 (193.04,218.34)

 

199.06 (186.15,211.97)

 Skilled worker

 

73.93 (62.91,84.94)

 

72.75 (61.53,83.97)

 Other occupation

 

50.52 (35.01,66.02)

 

46.78 (30.14,63.42)

Married

 

1.67 (−3.29,6.63)

 

4.56 (−0.68,9.79)

Number of children

 

10.69 (8.02,13.36)

 

8.4 (5.62,11.19)

Education (ref: < primary school)

    

 middle and high school

 

−27.5 (−34.83,−20.17)

 

−16.55 (−24.07,−9.02)

 college and above

 

−40.66 (−58.51,−22.82)

 

−21.52 (−39.73,−3.31)

Number of observations

29564

19654

23617

18295

Number of individuals

7293

6308

6684

6054

  1. Notes: Data from CHNS 1991–2011; bold values denote statistical significance at p < 0.05
  2. Model 1 included age and age-squared, indicator variables representing survey year, and age and age-squared interacted with survey year
  3. Model 2 layers on individual level covariates (occupation, weight status, marital status, education and including number of kids for female to model 1
  4. Model 3 layers on household socio-economic measures such as household income, household size, household ownership and urbanization index to model 1
  5. Model 4 includes the full set of variables