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Table 4 Moderating effects of diagnosed chronic conditions on associations between perceived neighbourhood characteristics and physical activity outcomes

From: Associations between the neighbourhood environment characteristics and physical activity in older adults with specific types of chronic conditions: the ALECS cross-sectional study

Chronic conditions

Perceived neighbourhood characteristics (PNC)

Physical activity outcome (PAO)

Diagnosed chronic condition

Associations between PNC and PAO

OR or eb

95 % CI

p-value

Vision impairment

Land use mix – access to services

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

0.943

0.827, 1.076

0.383

Yes

1.189*

1.028, 1.374

0.020

Physical barriers to walking

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

0.978

0.814, 1.174

0.809

Yes

0.750***

0.633, 0.889

<0.001

Aesthetics

Weekly frequency of within-neighbourhood walking for transport

No

1.249**

1.073, 1.452

0.004

Yes

0.950

0.837, 1.076

0.420

Weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for transport

No

1.248***

1.092, 1.427

<0.001

Yes

1.003

0.817, 1.232

0.977

Hearing impairment

Land use mix – diversity

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

0.943

0.827, 1.076

0.545

Yes

1.189*

1.028, 1.375

0.020

Land use mix – access to services

Non-zero weekly frequency of within-neighbourhood walking for recreation

No

1.315***

1.155, 1.432

<0.001

Yes

1.794***

1.288, 2.499

<0.001

Non-zero weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for recreation

No

0.946

0.790, 1.134

0.548

Yes

1.665***

1.260, 2.200

<0.001

Pedestrian infrastructure

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

1.129

0.947, 1.346

0.176

Yes

1.810***

1.454, 2.253

<0.001

Crime

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

1.163

0.947, 1.435

0.159

Yes

0.866*

0.769, 0.976

0.018

Traffic and road hazards

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

1.164

0.975, 1.390

0.093

Yes

0.715*

0.501, 0.993

0.045

Musculoskeletal disease

Land use mix – diversity

Non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

0.999

0.735, 1.324

0.993

Yes

1.398**

1.105, 1.770

0.005

Proximity to recreational facilities

Zero vs. non-zero weekly minutes of non-walking PA

No

0.903

0.690, 1.181

0.456

Yes

1.655***

1.333, 2.056

<0.001

Easy access of residential entrance

Weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for transport

No

0.911

0.792, 1.046

0.186

Yes

1.392*

1.060, 1.830

0.018

Genitourinary disease

Land use mix – access to services

Weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for transport

No

1.233**

1.067, 1.426

0.005

Yes

2.115***

1.292, 3.482

<0.001

Zero vs. non-zero weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for recreation

No

1.150

0.853, 1.552

0.361

Yes

2.598**

1.268, 5.323

0.009

Pedestrian infrastructure

Weekly frequency of within-neighbourhood walking for transportation

No

1.249**

1.074, 1.452

0.004

Yes

1.657***

1.281, 2.142

<0.001

Weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for transportation

No

1.169

0.993, 1.376

0.061

Yes

1.807***

1.332, 2.453

<0.001

Traffic and road hazards

Weekly minutes of within-neighbourhood walking for transportation

No

0.952

0.798, 1.135

0.583

Yes

0.501***

0.384, 0.653

<0.001

  1. Notes: All models are adjusted for socio-demographics, type of recruitment centre, specific diagnosed chronic condition type (visual impairment, hearing impairment, genitourinary diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases), number of other medical conditions, and other significant perceived neighbourhood characteristics and environment by chronic condition interaction effects. OR, odds ratio; eb, antilogarithm of regression coefficient (denoting proportional difference in outcome associated with 1 unit difference in environmental correlate); CI, confidence intervals; PA, physical activity; −, not applicable. * p < .05; ** p < .01; *** p < .001