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Table 4 Assessment methods and reported outcome variables in the articles included in the systematic review

From: Variation in population levels of physical activity in European children and adolescents according to cross-European studies: a systematic literature review within DEDIPAC

Study

N

Article number reference list

Not part of an international study

4

[24–27]

ENERGY

4

[28–31]

EPAPA

2

[32, 33]

EYHS

5

[34–38]

HBSC

8

[39–46]

ICAD

2

[47, 48]

IDEFICS

3

[49–51]

ISCOLE

1

[52]

TOYBOX

1

[53]

Assessment method

 Accelerometer

16

[26], ENERGY [30, 31], EPAPA [32, 33], EYHS [34–38], ICAD [47, 48], IDEFICS [49–51], ISCOLE [52]

 Pedometer

2

[25], TOYBOX [53]

 Questionnaire

10

ENERGY [28, 29], HBSC [39–46]

 Ecological momentary assessment

2

[24, 27]

Accelerometer model

 ActiGraph

  

  GT1M

8

[26], ENERGY [30, 31], IDEFICS [49–51], ICAD [47, 48]

  GT3X

5

ENERGY [30, 31], EPAPA [32, 33], ISCOLE [52]

  Actitrainer

5

ENERGY [30, 31], IDEFICS [49–51]

  7164

7

EYHS [34–38], ICAD [47, 48]

  71256

2

ICAD [47, 48]

Pedometer model

 Yamax Digiwalker SW-200

1

[25]

 Omron Walking Style Pro pedometers (HJ-720IT-E2)

1

TOYBOX [53]

Name of questionnaire

 ENERGY questionnaire

2

ENERGY [28, 29]

 HBSC questionnaire (Prochaska et al. (2001) [67])

8

HBSC [39–46]

Mode of questionnaire administration

 Self-administered

10

ENERGY [28, 29], HBSC [39–46]

Timing physical activity measurement

 Average per week

2

ENERGY [28, 29]

 Last seven days/week

8

HBSC [39–46]

Reported outcome variables

  Total physical activity

12

[24, 25], ENERGY [28, 30, 31], EYHS [34–36, 38], ICAD [47, 48], TOYBOX [53]

  Accelerometer measured (cnts/min/day)

6

 EYHS [34–36, 38], ICAD [47, 48]

  Accelerometer measured (cnts/15 s/day)

2

 ENERGY [30, 31]

  Steps/day

2

 [25], TOYBOX [53]

  Self-report diary/questionnaire (min/day)

2

 [24], ENERGY [28]

 MVPA (min/day)

11

[26], ENERGY [30, 31], EPAPA [32, 33], EYHS [36–38], ICAD [47, 48], ISCOLE [52]

  MPA (min/day)

1

[26]

  VPA (min/day)

2

[26], ISCOLE [52]

  % of total time LPA/MVPA/VPA

2

EYHS [35], IDEFICS [49]

  LPA (500–2000 CPM)

1

 EYHS [35]

  MVPA (>1680 CPM)

1

 IDEFICS [49]

  MVPA (>2000 CPM)

1

 EYHS [35]

  VPA (>3000)

1

 EYHS [35]

  % of participants meeting recommendations

15

[27], ENERGY [29, 30], EPAPA [32], HBSC [39–46], IDEFICS [50, 51], TOYBOX [53]

  ≥ 60 min on ≥ 5 days

4

 HBSC [39–41, 43]

  ≥ 60 min on ≥ 7 days

10

 [27], ENERGY [29, 30], EPAPA [32] HBSC [42, 44–46], IDEFICS [50, 51],

  ≥ 180 min on ≥ 7 days

1

 TOYBOX [53]

  physical activity accumulated in 10 min bouts ≥ 60 min on ≥ 7 days

1

 EPAPA [32]

  % of participants ≥ 2 days/week VPA

5

HBSC [41–44, 46]

  Mean number of days active ≥ 1 h

1

HBSC [40]

  10 min bouts MVPA(min/day)

1

EPAPA [32]

Intensity thresholds used for:

  MVPA children (0–12 years old)

  

  > 1000 CPM

1

EYHS [38]

  > 1680 CPM

1

IDEFICS [49]

  > 2000 CPM

4

EYHS [34–37]

  > 2296 CPM

4

[26], IDEFICS [50, 51], ISCOLE [52]

  > 3000 CPM

4

ENERGY [30, 31], ICAD [47, 48]

  MVPA adolescents (13–18 years old)

  

  > 1500 CPM

1

EYHS [38]

  > 2000 CPM

3

EYHS [34, 36, 37]

  > 2296 CPM

4

[26], EPAPA [32, 33], ISCOLE [52]

  > 3000 CPM

2

ICAD [47, 48]

Guidelines mentioned in article

 ≥60 min physical activity on at ≥5 days

4

HBSC [39–41, 43]

 ≥60 min of physical activity at ≥7 days

18

[26, 27], ENERGY [29, 30], EPAPA [32, 33], EYHS [34–36, 38], HBSC [42, 44–46], ICAD [47], IDEFICS [50, 51], ISCOLE [52]

 ≥180 min of physical activity at ≥7 days

1

TOYBOX [53]

 No guidelines reported

7

[24, 25], ENERGY [28, 31], EHYS [37], IDEFICS [49], ICAD [48]

Results reported separately for

 Study (article pooled multiple studies)

3

ICAD [47, 48], HBSC [45]

 Gender

19

[24, 25, 27], ENERGY [28–30], EPAPA [32], EYHS [34–38], HBSC [40–44, 46], IDEFICS [50]

 Week and weekend day

6

[24], [26], EYHS [36, 37], EPAPA [32], TOYBOX [53]

 Age group

9

EYHS [34, 36–38], HBSC [40, 42, 44, 46], IDEFICS [51]

 Weight status

1

IDEFICS [51]

 School time/non-school time/after school time

1

[26]

 Full time employed/part time-employed/non employed

1

IDEFICS [49]

 School-travel-time/school time/non-school-time/weekend-night-time/weekend-morning-time/weekend afternoon-time

1

EPAPA [33]

  1. ENERGY European energy balance research to prevent excessive weight gain among youth, EPAPA Evaluation and Promotion of Adolescent Physical Activity, EYHS European Youth Heart Study, HBSC health behaviour in school-aged children, ICAD International Children’s Accelerometry Database, IDEFICS identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle induced health effects in children and infants, CPM counts per minute, min minutes, LPA light-intensity physical activity, MPA moderate-intensity physical activity, VPA vigorous-intensity physical activity, MVPA moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity